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有机蔬菜中抗生素抗性基因的赋存特征和食用风险
摘要点击 143  全文点击 19  投稿时间:2024-06-15  修订日期:2024-09-10
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中文关键词  抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)  有机种植  植物微生物组  水平基因转移  植物内生细菌
英文关键词  antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs)  organic farming  plant microbiome  horizontal gene transfer  endophytic bacteria
作者单位E-mail
胡靓 中国海洋大学近海环境污染控制研究所, 海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室, 青岛 266100 huliang202309@163.com 
栗敏 中国海洋大学近海环境污染控制研究所, 海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室, 青岛 266100  
刘一帆 中国海洋大学近海环境污染控制研究所, 海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室, 青岛 266100  
郑浩 中国海洋大学近海环境污染控制研究所, 海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室, 青岛 266100
中国海洋大学三亚海洋研究院, 三亚 572000 
zhenghao2013@ouc.edu.cn 
魏子涵 中国海洋大学近海环境污染控制研究所, 海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室, 青岛 266100  
王欣怡 中国海洋大学近海环境污染控制研究所, 海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室, 青岛 266100  
华健 中国海洋大学近海环境污染控制研究所, 海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室, 青岛 266100  
牟明杰 寿光市海洋渔业发展中心, 寿光 262700 mjmu12@163.com 
罗先香 中国海洋大学近海环境污染控制研究所, 海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室, 青岛 266100
中国海洋大学三亚海洋研究院, 三亚 572000 
 
李锋民 中国海洋大学近海环境污染控制研究所, 海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室, 青岛 266100
中国海洋大学三亚海洋研究院, 三亚 572000 
 
中文摘要
      有机农业中畜禽粪便等有机肥的大量施用使得农业土壤成为新污染物抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)的重要储存库和传播源,极大地增加了有机农产品中ARGs的食源性传播风险. 然而,不同类型有机蔬菜中ARGs的污染程度及其驱动因素仍尚不清楚. 基于此,本研究以有机种植和传统种植的青萝卜(Raphanus sativus L.)和香菜(Coriandrum sativum L.)为代表,采用实时荧光定量PCR和16S rRNA测序技术对比分析了两类蔬菜表面细菌和内生细菌中ARGs和可移动基因元件(MGEs)的丰度以及微生物群落结构的差异. 结果表明,与传统种植方式相比,有机种植方式显著促进了蔬菜表面和内生细菌中ARGs的富集,促进程度高达78.9倍和1.99倍. 与香菜相比,青萝卜的ARGs富集程度更高. 与ARGs相似,有机种植蔬菜内生细菌中MGEs的丰度显著高于传统种植方式的蔬菜,且MGEs的丰度与ARGs的丰度显著正相关(P<0.05),表明有机种植方式通过促进基因的水平转移增加了蔬菜内生微生物组中ARGs污染水平. 此外,网络分析显示有机种植方式下ARGs与细菌间的相互作用更复杂,富集了30个潜在宿主菌,其中14个细菌属(如MicrobacteriumAeromicrobiumGlutamicibacter)与高风险ARGs(aadAtetMfloR)显著相关. 以上研究结果表明有机种植方式能够通过引入潜在的ARGs宿主菌和富集MGEs,增加ARGs的人体摄入风险,且与根茎类蔬菜相比,叶菜类蔬菜受有机种植方式的影响更大. 研究结果为评估有机农业生态系统中可生食蔬菜ARGs污染的健康风险评估提供了理论依据.
英文摘要
      Agricultural soil has become an important reservoir and transmission source of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) because of the extensive application of organic fertilizers such as livestock and poultry manure in organic agriculture production. This greatly increases the risk of foodborne transmission of ARGs in organic agricultural products. However, the extent of ARGs contamination in different types of organic vegetables and its driving factors remain unclear. Therefore, two organic and traditional farming species: green radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) species were selected as representatives to compare and analyze the abundance of ARGs and mobile gene elements (MGEs) and microbial community structure of the vegetable surface bacteria and endophytic bacteria using real-time PCR and 16S rRNA sequencing technology. Compared to conventional farming practices, organic farming significantly increased the abundance of ARGs among both epiphytic and endophytic bacteria on vegetables. The enrichment levels reached up to 78.9 times and 1.99 times, respectively. Furthermore, compared with that in coriander, green radishes exhibited a higher accumulation of ARGs. Similarly, the relative abundance of MGEs in endophytic bacteria of organically grown vegetables was significantly higher than those of the conventionally grown vegetables. Additionally, the abundance of MGEs positively correlated with the abundance of ARGs (P<0.05), indicating that the organic farming practices increased the abundance of ARGs in the microbiomes of the vegetables by promoting horizontal gene transfer. Furthermore, network analysis showed that the interactions between ARGs and bacteria were more complex under organic farming practices, enriching 30 bacterial genera as potential hosts. Among them, 14 bacterial genera (e.g., MicrobacteriumAeromicrobium, and Glutamicibacter) were significantly associated with high-risk ARGs (aadAtetM, and floR). These findings demonstrated that organic farming practices can increase the risk of human intake of ARGs by introducing potential ARG host bacteria and enriching MGEs, and root vegetables are more significantly affected by organic farming practices compared to leafy vegetables. This study provides a theoretical basis for assessing the health risks of ARGs contamination in edible vegetables under organic agricultural ecosystems.

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