| 城镇污水处理厂碳排放核算及减排路径分析：以沈阳市某污水厂为例 |
| 摘要点击 144 全文点击 23 投稿时间：2024-05-15 修订日期：2024-08-12 |
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| 中文关键词 辽宁地区 碳排放量 城镇污水处理厂 低碳运行 Sumo软件 |
| 英文关键词 Liaoning Region carbon emissions urban wastewater treatment plants low carbon operation Sumo software |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 目前辽宁省城镇污水处理设施建设发展迅速，但针对污水处理系统产生的碳排放研究较少. 基于沈阳市某污水厂污水处理系统数据，结合相关技术指南对其进行碳排放核算，分析主要碳排放来源及其影响因素，有助于该地区碳减排措施的开展. 结果表明，沈阳市某污水处理厂年碳排放量为5.245万t，导致碳排放的主要影响因素为电力消耗（占39.2%）、聚合氯化铝的使用（占18.7%）以及污水处理造成的N2O排放（占14.5%）. 使用Sumo软件对沈阳市某污水厂主要碳排放影响参数进行拟合分析，结果显示系统中ρ（DO）可由原来的6.51 mg·L-1降至1.00~2.00 mg·L-1，此举将有效减少污水处理单元的直接碳排放；当聚合氯化铝投加量调整为原有的76%时，可使该水厂的年间接碳排放量减少0.223万t；当乙酸钠年消耗量由原有的3 710.0 t削减为2 672.0 t时，可使年间接碳排放量同比减少28.14%. 从减碳和替碳两个角度进行分析，提出了适合该水厂的碳减排路径为优化曝气系统、控制精准投药、实现剩余污泥的及时处置以及开发水源热泵技术，研究对提出适合辽宁地区城镇污水处理行业低碳运行的策略具有重要意义. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The construction of urban wastewater treatment facilities in Liaoning Province in China is currently developing rapidly； however， there have been fewer studies conducted on the carbon emissions generated by the wastewater treatment system. By utilizing data from a wastewater plant in Shenyang City and referring to the IPCC 2006 Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories 2019 Revision and the Technical Guidelines for Carbon Accounting and Emission Reduction Pathways in Urban Water Systems， this study accounts for the carbon emissions from three segments： wastewater conveyance， wastewater treatment， and sludge disposal. Additionally， it analyzes the influencing factors of carbon emissions at this particular plant， which will aid in implementing region-specific measures to reduce carbon emissions. The results showed that the annual carbon emission of a wastewater treatment plant in Shenyang City was 52 450 t. The main factors contributing to this emission were power consumption （39.2%）， the use of polymeric aluminum chloride （18.7%）， and N2O emissions caused by the wastewater treatment （14.5%）. By using Sumo software package to analyze the key parameters for reducing carbon emissions in the wastewater treatment plant， it was concluded that dissolved oxygen levels could be reduced from the original 6.51 mg·L-1 to 1-2 mg·L-1. Additionally， by reducing the dosage of polymeric aluminum chloride to 76% of its original amount， it was possible to reduce the water plant's carbon emissions by 2 230 t. The annual consumption of sodium acetate could be reduced from 3 710 t to 2 672 t， and the carbon emissions were reduced by 28.14% compared to the original levels. Based on the carbon emission accounting results of the plant， the following feasible paths for emission reduction were proposed： optimizing aeration equipment and pumping units to reduce power consumption； introducing precise dosing equipment to minimize pharmaceutical usage； reducing stockpiling time for residual sludge in the plant； employing appropriate methods for recovering phosphorus， macromolecules， and other resources from wastewater and sludge； and utilizing water source heat pump technology for exchanging heat energy in wastewater treatment plant effluent. This research is of great significance to put forward a strategy suitable for the low-carbon operation of the urban wastewater treatment industry in Liaoning. |
