| 北京市平原区浅层地下水水化学特征及成因分析 |
| 摘要点击 1064 全文点击 176 投稿时间：2024-01-12 修订日期：2024-04-20 |
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| 中文关键词 北京市平原区 地下水 水化学组分 空间分布 相关性分析 成因分析 |
| 英文关键词 plain of Beijing groundwater hydrochemical characteristics spatial distribution correlation analysis mechanism analysis |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 王世玉 | 北京市生态环境监测中心, 北京 100048 | sywang12@163.com | | 马召辉 | 北京市生态环境监测中心, 北京 100048 | | | 常淼 | 北京市生态环境监测中心, 北京 100048 | | | 陈圆圆 | 北京市生态环境监测中心, 北京 100048 | | | 席玥 | 北京市生态环境监测中心, 北京 100048 | | | 陈吉吉 | 北京市生态环境监测中心, 北京 100048 | | | 崔迪 | 北京市生态环境监测中心, 北京 100048 | | | 陶蕾 | 北京市生态环境监测中心, 北京 100048 | | | 荆红卫 | 北京市生态环境监测中心, 北京 100048 | | | 鹿海峰 | 北京市生态环境监测中心, 北京 100048 | | | 沈秀娥 | 北京市生态环境监测中心, 北京 100048 | | | 刘保献 | 北京市生态环境监测中心, 北京 100048 | liubaoxian28@163.com |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 地下水是缓解全球性缺水的重要资源,了解其水化学特征及成因机制对地下水的管理有重要意义. 采集北京市平原区210眼浅层地下水监测井样品,利用统计分析、Piper三线图、空间插值法、Pearson相关性分析和离子比值法,研究北京市平原区地下水的水化学特征、空间分布以及形成原因. 结果表明：① 平原区6个地下水系水化学类型主要以HCO3-Ca型为主,永定河冲洪积扇下游部分点位水化学类型为HCO3-Na·Ca型. 地下水中各化学组分空间变异系数均较大,有一定空间分布差异性；②地下水中Fe与Mn具有极强的显著正相关关系,空间分布也具有相似性,高浓度均分布在潮白河下游通州区域,主要是由该区域薄黏土层和砂交替的水文地质结构所致. 地下水中Fe和Mn主要来源于地层中铁锰氧化物的溶解. 高浓度F－主要分布在温榆河冲洪积扇及通州区域,与地下水流汇集及第四系通州多层黏性土和砂层交替结构有关. SO42-和NO3-也具有相似的空间布局,高浓度均分布在永定河冲洪积扇上游,可能与历史上渗井和坑的排污方式有关. ③ 6个地下水系统水化学类型主要受碳酸岩和硫酸岩溶解控制,永定河冲洪积扇下游部分点位还一定程度上受硅酸岩矿物溶解影响. 离子比例法显示潮白河冲洪积扇地下水水化学组分主要来源于方解石溶解；而温榆河和永定河冲洪积扇主要来源于白云石溶解；其他地下水系统水化学组分受方解石和白云石这两种碳酸岩矿物溶解影响. 除此之外,研究区SO42-+Cl-毫克当量浓度随NO3-毫克当量浓度的增加而增大,证实人为因素对地下水水化学组分的影响. 研究结果将为北京市平原区地下水评价与管理提供数据支撑. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Groundwater is an important resource for alleviating global water scarcity. Therefore, understanding its hydrochemical characteristics and mechanisms is of great significance for groundwater management. A total of 210 groundwater samples from shallow monitoring wells in the plain area of Beijing were collected in this study. Statistical analysis, Piper diagram, spatial interpolation, Pearson correlation analysis, and the ion ratio method were used to study the hydrochemical characteristics, spatial distribution, and formation mechanism of groundwater in the plain area of Beijing. The results showed that ① The groundwater of the six groundwater systems in the plain area was mainly HCO3-Ca type. The water chemistry along the downstream of the alluvial fan of the Yongding River was HCO3-Na·Ca type. The spatial variation coefficients of chemical components in groundwater were relatively large, indicating certain spatial differences. ② A strong and significant positive correlation exists between Fe and Mn in groundwater, and their spatial distribution is similar. High concentrations were distributed in the Tongzhou area downstream of the Chaobai River, mainly due to the hydrogeological structure of thin clay layers and alternating sand. Fe and Mn in groundwater mainly came from the dissolution of iron and manganese oxides. High concentrations of F- were mainly distributed in the Wenyu River alluvial fan and Tongzhou area, which was related to the convergence of groundwater flow and the hydrogeological structure of multiple layers of clay and sand in the quaternary strata in Tongzhou. SO42- and NO3- had similar spatial layouts, with high concentrations distributed upstream of the Yongding River alluvial fan, which may have been related to the historical drainage of infiltration wells and pits. ③ The hydrochemical types of the six groundwater systems were mainly controlled by the dissolution of carbonate and sulfate rocks, and certain sampling points downstream of the Yongding River alluvial fan were affected by the dissolution of silicate rock minerals to a certain extent. The ion ratio method showed that the hydrochemical components of groundwater in the Chaobai River alluvial fan mainly came from the dissolution of calcite. The groundwater in the alluvial fans of the Wenyu River and Yongding River mainly came from the dissolution of dolomite. The hydrochemical components of groundwater in other systems were influenced by the dissolution of both the two carbonate minerals. In addition, the milligram equivalent concentration of SO42-+Cl- in the study increased with that of NO3-, confirming the influence of human activities on the hydrochemical composition of groundwater. The research results will provide data support for the evaluation and management of groundwater in the plain areas of Beijing. |
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