| 酸性逆境土壤中根际微生物调控植物根系构型的作用机制 |
| 摘要点击 1804 全文点击 198 投稿时间：2023-12-28 修订日期：2024-04-03 |
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| 中文关键词 酸性土壤 铝毒 根系构型（RSA） 根际微生物 X射线CT |
| 英文关键词 acidic soil aluminum toxicity root system architecture（RSA） rhizosphere microorganisms X-ray CT |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 红壤在我国农业耕地资源中占据重要地位,但其低pH值、铝含量高和磷素利用效率低等特性限制了酸性红壤的农田生产力.植物根系具有显著的可塑性,不仅能够吸收水分和养分,还能通过自身或根际微生物诱导调控根系构型,以应对生物和非生物胁迫.根际益生微生物（包括丛枝菌根真菌、根瘤菌等植物根际促生菌和合成微生物群落）通过调控植物根系构型来促进植物耐逆性,其主要调控作用包括：产生激素、释放挥发性有机物、固氮、溶磷和改善根际土壤结构等机制.以上机制可以影响根系生物量、根系分支、侧根和根毛的生长.进一步探讨了植物根系构型及根际微生物的可视化新方法,为研究根际微生物调控根系构型提供了技术支持.在酸性土壤条件下,根际微生物作为重要的调控策略,可以通过调整植物根系构型提高酸性土壤生产力,是改善酸性土壤障碍因子的潜在解决途径. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Red soil occupies an important position in China's agriculturally cultivated land resources. However, its low pH value, high aluminum concentration, and inefficient phosphorus utilization limit the productivity of acidic red soil farmland. Plant roots exhibit remarkable plasticity, capable of absorbing water and nutrients and modulating root system architecture in response to biotic and abiotic stresses, either autonomously or through rhizosphere microorganisms. This study primarily investigates the regulatory effects of rhizosphere microorganisms, including plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobia, and synthetic microbial consortia, on plant root system architecture. These regulatory mechanisms encompass the production of hormones, the release of volatile organic compounds, nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, and the improvement of rhizospheric soil structure. Such mechanisms can influence root biomass, branching, lateral roots, and root hair growth. Furthermore, we summarize new visualization methods for plant root system architecture and rhizosphere microorganisms, providing technical support for studying the regulation of root system architecture by rhizosphere microbes. Under acidic soil conditions, rhizosphere microorganisms serve as a crucial regulatory strategy. By adjusting plant root system architecture, they can enhance the productivity of acidic soils, representing a potential solution for ameliorating the constraints of acidic soils. |
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