| 乌鲁木齐主城区臭氧污染特征及其传输路径分析 |
| 摘要点击 1406 全文点击 189 投稿时间：2023-11-02 修订日期：2024-03-07 |
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| 中文关键词 臭氧（O3） 气象因子 后向轨迹模型 潜在源 乌鲁木齐 |
| 英文关键词 ozone（O3） meteorological factor backward trajectory model potential source Urumqi |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 杜新甜 | 新疆大学生态与环境学院, 乌鲁木齐 830000
中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所, 塔克拉玛干沙漠气象国家野外科学观测研究站, 新疆沙漠气象与沙尘暴重点实验室, 中国气象局树木年轮理化研究重点实验室, 中国气象局阿克达拉大气本底野外科学试验基地, 乌鲁木齐 830002 | 113181170@qq.com | | 康永德 | 中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所, 塔克拉玛干沙漠气象国家野外科学观测研究站, 新疆沙漠气象与沙尘暴重点实验室, 中国气象局树木年轮理化研究重点实验室, 中国气象局阿克达拉大气本底野外科学试验基地, 乌鲁木齐 830002
兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院, 兰州 730050 | | | 陈红娜 | 新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐生态环境监测站, 乌鲁木齐 830011 | | | 汤成鑫 | 新疆大学生态与环境学院, 乌鲁木齐 830000
中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所, 塔克拉玛干沙漠气象国家野外科学观测研究站, 新疆沙漠气象与沙尘暴重点实验室, 中国气象局树木年轮理化研究重点实验室, 中国气象局阿克达拉大气本底野外科学试验基地, 乌鲁木齐 830002 | | | 冒莹 | 新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐生态环境监测站, 乌鲁木齐 830011 | | | 王敏仲 | 中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所, 塔克拉玛干沙漠气象国家野外科学观测研究站, 新疆沙漠气象与沙尘暴重点实验室, 中国气象局树木年轮理化研究重点实验室, 中国气象局阿克达拉大气本底野外科学试验基地, 乌鲁木齐 830002 | | | 刘新春 | 中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所, 塔克拉玛干沙漠气象国家野外科学观测研究站, 新疆沙漠气象与沙尘暴重点实验室, 中国气象局树木年轮理化研究重点实验室, 中国气象局阿克达拉大气本底野外科学试验基地, 乌鲁木齐 830002 | liuxch@idm.cn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 全球气候变化问题日益严重,随着我国对环境监管及治理的不断加强,以PM2.5污染为主的雾-霾天气逐步得到改善,而看不见的臭氧（O3）污染气体排放量则逐年增高,尤其是近地面O3污染问题较为严重,对城市生产生活及人民健康产生了严重危害.为深入了解O3的污染特性,本研究基于乌鲁木齐市主城区（天山区）2020年1月至2023年2月的O3监测数据、地面气象资料和全球资料同化系统气象数据,利用后向轨迹模型（HYSPLIT）聚类分析和浓度权重轨迹分析法（CWT）,探索乌鲁木齐市不同时间尺度内O3的质量浓度变化特征和潜在源区.结果表明：①乌鲁木齐市天山区2020~2022年O3-8h质量浓度呈逐年递增趋势,且具有明显的季节变化特征, ρ（O3-8h）大小为：夏季（110.33 μg·m-3）>春季（87.67 μg·m-3）>秋季（64.33 μg·m-3）>冬季（39.67 μg·m-3）；② 各个季节的温度、相对湿度和气压对O3-8h质量浓度的影响较为显著,其相关系数r分别为0.871、-0.752和0.644（P<0.01）,全年风速变化较小,为次要气象因素,对O3质量浓度的影响不显著；③ HYSPLIT聚类分析结果表明,境外远距离输送对乌鲁木齐市天山区O3-1h质量浓度的影响较小,CWT结果表明,O3污染源主要集中在疆内乌鲁木齐以北地区,夏季高值区[ρ（O3-1h）>70 μg·m-3]主要出现在乌鲁木齐、昌吉、阿勒泰和塔城等温度较高的地区；④ 秋季受本地人类活动排放污染物的影响较大.由此可知,乌鲁木齐O3污染存在明显的时空浓度变化特征,对乌鲁木齐城市O3污染需要加强O3前体物的防控,同时考虑对周边地区实施协同减排的措施. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Global climate change is becoming increasingly crucial. With the continuous strengthening of environmental supervision and governance in China, the haze （O3） weather mainly caused by PM2.5 pollution has gradually improved, while the emissions of invisible ozone pollutants have been increasing annually. In particular, the problem of near-ground ozone pollution is more crucial, which poses a severe threat to urban production, life, and health of people. To gain a deeper understanding of the pollution characteristics of ozone, this study was conducted based on ozone monitoring, ground meteorological, and global data assimilation system （GDAS） meteorological data from January 2020 to February 2023 in Tianshan District, Urumqi City, to explore the characteristics of ozone mass concentration changes and potential source areas in Urumqi City at different time scales using the cluster analysis of the backward trajectory model （HYSPLIT） and trajectory （Tianshan District） and the concentration weight trajectory analyses （CWT）. The results showed that： ① The maximum 8-hour O3 （O3-8h） mass concentration in Tianshan District of Urumqi City had been increasing yearly from 2020 to 2022 and had obvious seasonal variation characteristics, with summer （110.33 μg·m-3） > spring （87.67 μg·m-3） > autumn （64.33 μg·m-3） > winter （39.67 μg·m-3）. ② The temperature, relative humidity, and air pressure of each season had a significant impact on O3-8h mass concentration, with correlation coefficients r of 0.871,-0.752, and 0.644 （P < 0.01）, respectively. The annual wind speed variation was relatively low, which was a secondary meteorological factor and had no significant impact on ozone mass concentration. ③ The HYSPLIT clustering analysis results showed that overseas long-distance transportation had less impact on the O3-8h mass concentration in Tianshan District, Urumqi City. The CWT results indicated that ozone pollution sources were mainly concentrated in the northern area of Urumqi in Xinjiang and the high-value areas in summer [O3-8h mass concentration > 70 μg·m-3] mainly appeared in areas with higher temperatures in Urumqi, Changji, Altay, and Tacheng. ④ Especially in autumn, the pollutants emitted by local anthropogenic activities had a great influence. To summarize, spatiotemporal concentration changes were observed in ozone pollution in Urumqi and the prevention and control of urban ozone pollution in Urumqi requires strengthening the emission of ozone precursors while considering implementing coordinated emission reduction measures for surrounding areas. |
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