| 三江平原东部土壤和农作物硒含量特征及影响因素 |
| 摘要点击 1286 全文点击 287 投稿时间：2023-10-09 修订日期：2024-01-08 |
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| 中文关键词 三江平原 土壤硒（Se） 农作物硒（Se） 理化性质 土地利用 土壤类型 成土母质 |
| 英文关键词 Sanjiang Plain soil Se crop Se physical and chemical properties land use soil type pedogenic parent material |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为识别三江平原东部胜利农场土壤和农作物硒（Se）元素含量特征及影响因素,综合利用统计学分析和相关分析等方法,对采集的83组表层土壤样品及34组农作物籽实样品的测试结果进行分析. 结果表明,研究区ω（Se）范围为0.12~0.95 mg·kg-1,平均值为0.37 mg·kg-1,在表层土壤富集程度较强烈,富集系数为3.18；可氧化态Se是该区土壤Se的主要存在形态,其在沼泽土、白浆土、旱地和水田的占比分别为81%、79%、79%和80%,可还原态Se含量最低,占比不超过5%；土壤理化指标对Se含量差异的影响主要表现为Se与pH和总钾（TK）呈负相关,与阳离子交换量（CEC）、土壤有机质（SOM）、腐殖质（HS）、总氮（TN）和总磷（TP）呈显著正相关；不同土地利用类型土壤Se含量平均值由高至低表现为：旱地>水浇地>草地>林地,低pH值和高SOM的旱田土壤更易富集Se；不同土壤类型中沼泽土ω（Se）平均值最高,为0.45 mg·kg-1,高于研究区Se含量平均值；第四系冲积层ω（Se）平均值最高,为0.43 mg·kg-1,其母质主要以有机质丰富的湖相沉积物为主,是形成富Se土壤的重要因素之一；农作物与根系土中Se含量表现为负相关,低pH值或高SOM土壤中的Se不易被农作物吸收,其Se含量还受控于土壤Se的形态,与有效态Se含量呈正相关,与可氧化态Se含量呈负相关关系. 建议通过减少耕地中人为化肥的使用量作为增加Se生物可利用性的手段来改变该区农作物Se水平现状. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Too identify seleniut（Se） content characteristics and influencing factors in soil and crops of Shengli Farm in eastern Sanjiang Plain, statistical analysis and correlation analysis were comprehensively used to analyze the test results of 83 groups of surface soil samples and 34 groups of crop seed samples. The results showed that the Se content in the study area ranged from 0.12 to 0.95 mg·kg-1, with an average value of 0.37 mg·kg-1, and the enrichment degree was stronger with an enrichment coefficient of 3.18. Oxidizable Se was the main Se fraction, accounting for 81%, 79%, 79%, and 80% of T-Se in marsh soil, white soil, dry land, and paddy field, respectively. The content of reducible Se was the lowest, accounting for less than 5%. The effects of soil physicochemical indexes on Se content differences mainly showed that Se was negatively correlated with pH and total potassium （TK） and significantly positively correlated with cation exchange capacity （CEC）, soil organic matter （SOM）, humus （HS）, total nitrogen （TN）, and total phosphorus （TP）. The average content of Se in different land use types was as follows： dryland > irrigated land > grassland > forest land, as the dryland soil with low pH and high SOM was more likely to enrich Se. Among different soil types, the average Se content in gleysols was the highest at 0.45 mg·kg-1, which was higher than the average value in the study area. The average content of Se in the quaternary alluvial layer was the highest at 0.43 mg·kg-1, and its parent material mainly consisted of lacustrine sediments rich in organic matter, which was one of the important factors in forming Se rich soil. The Se content in crops and root soil showed a negative correlation. Se in low pH or high SOM soil was not easily absorbed by crops, and its Se content was also controlled by the form of soil Se, which was positively correlated with available Se content and negatively correlated with oxidizable Se content. Therefore, it is suggested to reduce the amount of artificial fertilizer used in cultivated land as a means of increasing Se bioavailability to change the current situation of crop Se levels in this area. |
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