| 湿地不同优势水生植物湖泊中浮游植物群落结构特征及其驱动因子分析 |
| 摘要点击 1674 全文点击 280 投稿时间：2023-10-17 修订日期：2024-01-15 |
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| 中文关键词 水生植物 浮游植物群落 生长型 生态位 种间联结 |
| 英文关键词 aquatic plants phytoplankton community growth form niche interspecific association |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 李玉鑫 | 西南大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 重庆市三峡库区植物生态与资源重点实验室, 重庆 400715 | 15582415718@163.com | | 杨宋琪 | 河西学院甘肃省微藻技术创新中心, 河西走廊特色资源利用重点实验室, 张掖 734000 | | | 叶其炎 | 张掖黑河湿地国家级自然保护区管理局, 张掖 734000 | | | 万开明 | 张掖黑河湿地国家级自然保护区管理局, 张掖 734000 | | | 邓宇婷 | 西南大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 重庆市三峡库区植物生态与资源重点实验室, 重庆 400715 | | | 赵腾 | 西南大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 重庆市三峡库区植物生态与资源重点实验室, 重庆 400715 | | | 董培昌 | 西南大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 重庆市三峡库区植物生态与资源重点实验室, 重庆 400715 | | | 周灵 | 西南大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 重庆市三峡库区植物生态与资源重点实验室, 重庆 400715 | | | 王锦娜 | 西南大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 重庆市三峡库区植物生态与资源重点实验室, 重庆 400715 | | | 吴忠兴 | 西南大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 重庆市三峡库区植物生态与资源重点实验室, 重庆 400715 | wuzhx@swu.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 湿地生态系统中,小型浅水湖泊作为重要的水陆过渡带,通常栖息着不同生长型水生植物. 然而,不同水生植物占优的浅水湖泊之间浮游植物群落是否存在差异及其关键驱动因子尚不清楚. 基于此,于张掖国家湿地公园选取了挺水植物芦苇（LL）、沉水植物穿叶眼子菜（CL）和浮叶植物睡莲（SL）为绝对优势种的3个小型湖泊,每个湖泊设置了5个采样点位,并于2022年6~11月间进行了9次调查. 期间,3类湖泊间表现出明显的生境差异性. 共鉴定出浮游植物7门93属237种,其中LL、CL和SL湖泊分别检出189种、151种和147种. 优势藻类：尖状肘形藻（Ulnaria acus）、四尾栅藻（Scenedesmus quadricauda）、极小曲丝藻（Achnanthidium minutissimum）、谷皮菱形藻（Nitzschia stagnorum）、放射舟形藻（Navicula radiosa）和裸甲藻（Gymnodinium aeruginosum）为3类湖泊共有；凹顶鼓藻（Euastrum ansatum）和点形平裂藻（Merismopedia punctata）为CL湖泊特征优势种；披针舟形藻（Navicula lanceolala）为LL湖泊特征优势种；赛萨特拟内丝藻（Encyonopsis cesatii）、二峰短缝藻（Eunotia diodon）和普通桥弯藻（Cymbella aequalis）为SL湖泊特征优势种. 同时,3类湖泊优势藻种的生态位宽度、生态位重叠格局和种间联结特征均存在显著差异. 主坐标分析（PCoA）和置换多元方差分析（PERMANOVA）发现3类湖泊之间藻类群落组成差异显著（P<0.001）. 基于相似或相异距离矩阵的多元回归分析（MRM）表明,浮游植物群落在3类湖泊间的异质性受NO3--N和pH的正向影响而受溶解氧（DO）的负向影响,同时还与四尾栅藻、尖状肘形藻、谷皮菱形藻、假鱼腥藻、点形平裂藻、极小曲丝藻6个优势物种的丰度密切正相关. 研究结果表明,不同生长型水生植物通过塑造生境异质性,影响同生境下浮游植物群落的组成、结构及稳定性. 因此,在湿地建设和管理中选择特定生长型水生植物进行水生生态系统恢复,将有助于有效调节水体生境状态和浮游植物群落结构特征. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In wetland ecosystems, small shallow lakes are critical transition zones of land and water, which are usually dominated by aquatic plants with different growth forms. However, the differences and key influencing factors of phytoplankton communities in shallow lakes dominated by different aquatic plants are unclear. On this basis, nine surveys were conducted at five sampling sites of three lakes in Zhangye National Wetland Park from June to November in 2022, which were respectively dominated by the emergent Phragmites australis （LL）, the submerged Potamogeton perfoliatus （CL）, and the floating-leaved Nymphaea tetragona （SL）. During the study period, the three lakes showed obvious habitat differences. A total of 237 species of phytoplankton in seven phyla and 93 genera were identified in the three lakes, including 189 species, 151 species, and 147 species in the LL, CL, and SL lakes, respectively. Among them, Ulnaria acus, Scenedesmus quadricauda, Achnanthidium minutissimum, Nitzschia stagnorum, Navicula radiosa,and Gymnodinium aeruginosum were shared dominant species of all three lakes, indicating that they had strong environmental adaptability, whereas Navicula lanceolala, Encyonopsis cesatii, and Eunotia diodon and Cymbella aequalis were only dominant in the CL, LL, and SL lakes, respectively. Simultaneously, these dominant algae appeared with obviously distinct statuses of niche width, niche overlap, and interspecific correlation among the three lakes. Using principal coordinate analysis （PCoA） and permutational multivariate analysis of variance （PERMANOVA）, significant differences were found in algal community composition among the three lakes （P<0.001）. Multiple regression on （dis）similarity matrices analysis （MRM） showed that the heterogeneity of phytoplankton communities among the three lakes was positively affected by NO3--N and pH and negatively affected by dissolved oxygen （DO） and was closely positively correlated with the abundance of six dominant species, namely, S. quadricauda, U. acus, N. stagnorum, Pseudoanabaena sp., Merismopedia punctata, and A. minutissimum. These results indicate that aquatic plants with different growth types could affect the composition, structure, and stability of phytoplankton communities in the same habitat with them by shaping their habitat heterogeneity. Therefore, selecting specific growth types of aquatic plants for aquatic ecosystem restoration in wetland construction and management will be conducive to regulate the state of water habitat and phytoplankton community structure effectively. |
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