| 秦岭典型钼矿区农田土壤和作物重金属污染特征、来源解析及健康风险评价 |
| 摘要点击 2165 全文点击 714 投稿时间：2023-09-11 修订日期：2023-11-02 |
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| 中文关键词 重金属 农田土壤 作物 PMF模型 健康风险评价 钼矿区 |
| 英文关键词 heavy metals farmland soil crops PMF model health risk assessment molybdenum mining area |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 以秦岭陕西段某钼矿区为研究对象,采集了矿区周边的作物及其对应的土壤样品,测定了Cr、 Cu、 Zn、 As、 Cd和Pb共6种重金属含量,利用单因子、 综合污染和地累积指数法评价了土壤重金属污染特征,采用PMF模型分析了土壤重金属的主要来源,选用美国环保署（USEPA）开发的健康风险评价模型对土壤及作物进行健康风险评价. 结果表明,研究区农田土壤存在严重的 Cr、 Cu、 Zn、 Cd和Pb污染,其中Cr可能以周边铬铋矿工矿活动源为主,贡献率为85.1%；Cu和As以农业源为主,贡献率分别为50.3%和70.6%；Zn和Cd以矿区金属矿渣扬尘、 降雨冲刷等自然源为主,贡献率分别为73.5%和48.7%；Pb以交通运输源为主,贡献率为54.7%. 作物重金属Cr含量的超标情况较严重,其次是Pb,而As和Cd的含量超标相对较小. 作物受农田土壤重金属污染严重. 健康风险评估表明,土壤中重金属对儿童产生了非致癌和致癌风险,而成人的健康风险处于可接受水平；作物重金属对成人和儿童产生了极显著的非致癌和致癌风险. 有必要采取有效措施控制尾矿排放中的重金属污染,以保护附近居民,特别是儿童免受不利的健康风险. |
| 英文摘要 |
| This study focused on a molybdenum mining area in the Qinling Mountains （Shaanxi segment）. Crop and corresponding soil samples were collected from the vicinity of the mining area, and the concentrations of six heavy metals （Cr, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb） were determined. Soil heavy metal pollution was assessed using single-factor, comprehensive pollution, and geo-accumulation index methods. The primary sources of soil heavy metals were analyzed using the PMF model. A health risk assessment for soil and crops was conducted using the USEPA model. The results revealed severe pollution of agricultural soils by Cr, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb. Among these, Cr may have been primarily sourced from chrombismite nearby mining activities, contributing to 85.1% of the pollution. Cu and As were mainly sourced from agriculture, contributing 50.3% and 70.6%, respectively. Zn and Cd were primarily sourced from natural sources such as metal slag dust and rainwash from the mining area, contributing 73.5% and 48.7%, respectively. Pb was primarily sourced from transportation sources, contributing to 54.7% of the pollution. Crop metal contamination was especially severe for Cr, followed by Pb, whereas As and Cd contamination was relatively lower. Crops were significantly impacted by heavy metal pollution in agricultural soils. The health risk assessment indicated non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks for children due to soil heavy metals, whereas adults faced acceptable levels of risk. Both adults and children were exposed to highly significant non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks from heavy metals in the crops. Moreover, it is essential to implement effective measures to control heavy metal pollution from tailings to safeguard nearby residents, especially children, from adverse health risks. |
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