| 湘西地区土壤重金属污染溯源分析及环境质量评价 |
| 摘要点击 2909 全文点击 751 投稿时间：2023-04-25 修订日期：2023-06-21 |
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| 中文关键词 湘西 土壤 重金属 溯源分析 环境质量评价 |
| 英文关键词 west Hunan soil heavy metals traceability analysis environmental quality assessment |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 肖凯琦 | 中国地质调查局长沙自然资源综合调查中心, 长沙 410625 | xiaokaiqi@mail.cgs.gov.cn | | 徐宏根 | 中国地质调查局长沙自然资源综合调查中心, 长沙 410625 | honggen_xu@163.com | | 甘杰 | 湖南省生态环境监测中心, 长沙 410014 | | | 戴亮亮 | 中国地质调查局长沙自然资源综合调查中心, 长沙 410625 | | | 李毅 | 中国地质调查局长沙自然资源综合调查中心, 长沙 410625 | | | 李凯 | 中国地质调查局长沙自然资源综合调查中心, 长沙 410625 | | | 许青阳 | 中国地质调查局长沙自然资源综合调查中心, 长沙 410625 | | | 张俊 | 中国地质调查局长沙自然资源综合调查中心, 长沙 410625 | | | 邓世民 | 中国地质调查局长沙自然资源综合调查中心, 长沙 410625 | | | 李颖 | 力合科技(湖南)股份有限公司, 长沙 410205 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为探究湘西地区土壤重金属污染状况及环境质量综合情况，选择凤凰县相关区域作为研究区，于2022年6~8月在研究区采集440件表层土壤样品，分析土壤中的As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn这8种重金属元素以及测定土壤pH值.采用PMF模型进行溯源分析，并结合GIS技术开展土壤环境质量地球化学评价.结果表明，研究区土壤以弱酸性为主，重金属ω（Zn）、ω（Cr）、ω（Pb）、ω（Ni）、ω（Cu）、ω（As）、ω（Cd）和ω（Hg）平均值依次为：81.02、64.67、31.63、29.27、25.52、9.93、0.28和0.13 mg·kg-1，Cd和Hg元素相对全国土壤背景值较高，且呈高度变异，林地中的Hg和Cd元素含量高于其他土地利用.PMF模型结果表明，研究区土壤重金属污染来源贡献率依次为矿区开采源（37.4%）、大气沉降源（7.7%）、自然源（41.1%）和农业活动源（13.8%），并根据4类污染源空间分布提供了污染管控措施建议，通过土壤环境地球化学综合评价将研究区分为3类地块，分别为无风险地区（94.27 km2），占比为76.38%；风险可控区（27.45 km2），占比为22.24%；风险较高区（1.7 km2），占比为1.38%.为该研究区土地污染的防治措施和防治范围划区等提供数据支撑. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In order to explore the status of soil heavy metal pollution and environmental quality in west Hunan, relevant areas of Phoenix County were selected as the study area. Using data from 440 soil samples collected in the study area from June to August 2022, the pH value of the soil and contents of eight heavy metal elements, namely, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn, were analyzed. The PMF model was used for traceability analysis and geochemical evaluation of soil environmental quality. The results showed that the average values of soil heavy metals ω(Zn), ω(Cr), ω(Pb), ω(Ni), ω(Cu), ω(As), ω(Cd), and ω(Hg) were 81.02, 64.67, 31.63, 29.27, 25.52, 9.93, 0.28, and 0.13 mg·kg-1, respectively. The soil in the study area was mainly weakly acidic, and the contents of the Cd and Hg elements were relatively high compared to the national soil background values and were highly variable. The contents of the Hg and Cd elements in forest land were higher than that in other land uses. The PMF model results showed that the contribution rates of heavy metal pollution sources in the study area were mining sources (37.4%), atmospheric sedimentation sources (7.7%), natural sources (41.1%), and agricultural activity sources (13.8%) and provided suggestions on pollution control measures according to the spatial distribution of the four types of pollution sources. Through the comprehensive assessment of soil environmental geochemistry, the study area was divided into three types of plots, namely, non-risk areas (94.27 km2), accounting for 76.38%; risk-controllable areas (27.45 km2), accounting for 22.24%; and high-risk areas (1.7 km2), accounting for 1.38%. This study provided data support for the prevention and control measures of land pollution in the research area, as well as the delineation of the prevention and control scope. |
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