| 冬奥会期间京津冀及周边区域空气质量时空特征、气象影响和减排效果评估 |
| 摘要点击 3138 全文点击 1022 投稿时间：2022-11-25 修订日期：2023-01-09 |
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| 中文关键词 冬奥会 京津冀 PM2.5 气象影响 减排效果 污染传输 |
| 英文关键词 the Winter Olympics Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region PM2.5 meteorological impact emission reduction effect pollution transmission |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 对比分析2015~2022年冬奥会期间（1月31日至2月20日）京津冀及周边区域44城市空气质量时空演变特征，量化同期气象、协同减排和跨区域传输对PM2.5浓度及组分变化贡献，为不利气象条件下区域空气质量联防联控提供科学参考.结果表明，2022年44城市PM2.5浓度为近8年农历同期最低（46 μg·m-3），优良天占比最高（83.3%），不存在重污染天.PM2.5污染南重北轻，高值区主要集中在太行山沿线及燕山传输通道城市.2016年在春节中期未管控烟花爆竹燃放等源排放强度下，优良天占比93.5%，大气强扩散能力对空气质量改善至关重要.2022年静稳天气指数（SWI）同比增加2.1，大气扩散能力转差，44城市ρ（PM2.5）均值和峰值同比下降14 μg·m-3和76 μg·m-3，北京减排对PM2.5浓度降幅较未采取前增大96%，晋鲁豫地区在气象造成PM2.5浓度上升的不利背景下，峰值下降87 μg·m-3，区域减排削峰成效显著.2019~2022年区域化学组分浓度逐年降低，空间差异性缩小，高值集中在区域中南部.二次组分浓度降幅大小为：有机物（21.9%）>硫酸盐（20%）>铵盐（16.7%）>硝酸盐（9.7%），硝酸盐占PM2.5比例逐年上升至30.1%，交通源污染贡献相对突出，2022年晋鲁豫地区SNA浓度同比回升.污染外源传输占主要贡献（>50%），辽宁对环渤海沿岸城市PM2.5浓度贡献显著（>10%），硝酸盐和硫酸盐易长距离传输，需加强二次化学组分前体物SO2、NOx和NH3协同管控. |
| 英文摘要 |
| From January 31st to February 20th, 2015 to 2022, the spatio-temporal characteristics of the PM2.5 pollution evolution of 44 cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region and its surrounding areas were analyzed. The contribution of simultaneous meteorology, coordinated emission reduction, and cross-regional transmission to PM2.5 concentration and chemical component changes were quantified, respectively, with the aim to provide scientific reference for regional air quality joint prevention and control under adverse meteorological conditions. The results showed that the mean value of PM2.5 concentration of 44 cities in 2022 was the lowest(46 μg·m-3) without heavy pollution in the same period of the lunar calendar since 2015, whereas the proportion of days with good air quality was the highest(83.3%). PM2.5 pollution was more serious in the southern region than that in the northern region, and the high values were mainly concentrated along the Taihang Mountains and Yanshan transmission channel cities. In 2016, under the unregulated emission of fireworks in the Spring Festival, the proportion of unpolluted days was 93.5%, which means that the strong atmospheric diffusion ability was crucial to improve air quality. In 2022, the static weather index(SWI) increased by 2.1 compared with that in 2021, indicating unfavorable atmospheric diffusion capacity. The average and peak values of PM2.5 decreased by 14 μg·m-3 and 76 μg·m-3, respectively. The reduction in PM2.5 concentration in Beijing owing to emission reduction measures increased by 96% compared with that before one month. Under the adverse atmospheric background in the Shanxi-Shandong-Henan Region, which contributed to the increase in PM2.5 concentration, the peak value of PM2.5 concentration decreased by 87 μg·m-3, indicating that the peak clipping effect of regional collaborative pollution emission reduction was significant. From 2019 to 2022, the concentration of PM2.5 chemical components decreased yearly with narrowed spatial differences, and the high value was concentrated in the central and southern regions. The descending order of PM2.5 secondary component concentration decrease was as follows:organic matter(21.9%)>sulfate(20%)>ammonium salt(16.7%)>nitrate(9.7%). The proportion of nitrate in PM2.5 increased yearly to 30.1%, indicating that the contribution of traffic pollution was relatively prominent. In 2022, the SNA concentration in the Shanxi-Shandong-Henan Region increased. Pollution from external sources accounted for the main contribution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region(>50%). Liaoning Province contributed significantly to the PM2.5 concentration in cities along the Bohai(>10%), and nitrate and sulfate were easy to transport over long distances. It is necessary to strengthen the coordinated control of precursors of secondary chemical components SO2, NOx, and NH3. |
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