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铜冶炼场地周边土壤重金属污染特征与风险评价
摘要点击 1735  全文点击 498  投稿时间:2022-01-05  修订日期:2022-04-21
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中文关键词  冶炼场地|土地利用类型|风险评价|全球尺度|数据整合分析
英文关键词  smelting site|land use type|risk assessment|global scale|data integration and analysis
作者单位E-mail
彭驰 中南大学冶金与环境学院环境工程研究所, 长沙 410083 chipeng@csu.edu.cn 
刘旭 中南大学冶金与环境学院环境工程研究所, 长沙 410083  
周子若 中南大学冶金与环境学院环境工程研究所, 长沙 410083  
姜智超 中南大学冶金与环境学院环境工程研究所, 长沙 410083  
郭朝晖 中南大学冶金与环境学院环境工程研究所, 长沙 410083  
肖细元 中南大学冶金与环境学院环境工程研究所, 长沙 410083  
中文摘要
      铜冶炼生产活动会造成周边土壤重金属污染,威胁公众健康.通过收集整理已发表文献数据,从整体上研究了国内外40个铜冶炼场地周边不同土地利用类型土壤重金属的累积特征、分布规律以及健康风险.结果表明,铜冶炼场地周边土壤重金属ω(As)、ω(Cd)、ω(Cu)、ω(Pb)和ω(Zn)平均值分别为196、10.5、1948、604和853 mg·kg-1,地累积指数(Igeo)依次为:Cd (5.63)>Cu (3.88)>As (2.96)>Pb (2.30)>Zn (1.27),Cd和Cu累积最严重.土壤重金属内梅罗指数(NIPI)高值主要出现在冶炼历史长、工艺落后和环保措施不足的场地.土壤重金属含量之间呈现显著相关性,随着采样半径增加而降低,主要累积在冶炼场地周边2~3 km内.相对于冶炼历史、规模和工艺,土地利用类型对土壤重金属含量影响较小.铜冶炼场地周边土壤重金属普遍存在致癌风险与非致癌风险,其中冶炼生产区As和Pb,林地Pb的健康风险较高.研究结果可以指导冶炼场地周边土壤重金属污染风险防控工作.
英文摘要
      Copper smelting can cause heavy metal pollution in surrounding soil and threaten human health. This study examined the characteristics, distribution, and health risk of heavy metals in soil with different land uses around 40 copper smelting sites at home and abroad by collecting published literature data. The results showed that the mean values of ω(As), ω(Cd), ω(Cu), ω(Pb), and ω(Zn) in the soil around the copper smelting sites were 196, 10.5, 1948, 604, and 853 mg·kg-1, respectively. The order of Igeo was Cd(5.63)>Cu(3.88)>As(2.96)>Pb(2.30)>Zn(1.27), and the accumulation of Cd and Cu was the most serious. High Nemero index (NIPI) values were found in the soil around smelting sites with a long history of smelting, outdated process, and insufficient environmental protection measures. Significant correlations were found between the concentrations of heavy metals in the soil, which decreased with the sampling distance. The heavy metals mainly accumulated within 2-3 km from the smelting sites. Compared with the smelting history, scale, and process, land use type had a lower effect on soil heavy metal concentrations. The heavy metals in the soil around copper smelters may pose carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks on residents. The high health risks were mainly caused by As and Pb in smelting production areas, and Pb in woodland. These results may guide the risk prevention of heavy metal pollution in the soil around smelting sites.

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