| 微碱性土壤施用烟秆生物炭与磷酸盐降低小麦籽粒镉积累 |
| 摘要点击 1339 全文点击 396 投稿时间：2022-02-12 修订日期：2022-03-30 |
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| 中文关键词 镉(Cd) 小麦 改良剂 弱碱性土壤 烟杆生物炭(TSB) 磷酸氢二铵(DHP) |
| 英文关键词 Cd wheat amendments alkalescent soils tobacco stem biochar(TSB) diammonium hydrogen phosphate(DHP) |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 杨艳征 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 河南省土壤污染防控与修复重点实验室, 郑州 450000 | 2687232766@qq.com | | 张银鸽 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 河南省土壤污染防控与修复重点实验室, 郑州 450000 | | | 李畅 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 河南省土壤污染防控与修复重点实验室, 郑州 450000 | | | 扶海超 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 河南省土壤污染防控与修复重点实验室, 郑州 450000 | | | 秦世玉 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 河南省土壤污染防控与修复重点实验室, 郑州 450000 | | | 王龙 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 河南省土壤污染防控与修复重点实验室, 郑州 450000 | | | 刘亥扬 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 河南省土壤污染防控与修复重点实验室, 郑州 450000 | | | 刘红恩 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 河南省土壤污染防控与修复重点实验室, 郑州 450000 | | | 睢福庆 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 河南省土壤污染防控与修复重点实验室, 郑州 450000 | fuqing.sui@henau.edu.cn | | 赵鹏 | 河南农业大学资源与环境学院, 河南省土壤污染防控与修复重点实验室, 郑州 450000 | zhpddy@163.com |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为探究烟秆生物炭（TSB）和磷酸氢二铵（DHP）对微碱性土壤镉（Cd）迁移转化机制，通过盆栽试验调查了其施用对土壤pH、有效态Cd、Cd赋存形态和小麦Cd积累的影响.结果表明：① TSB和DHP显著降低了土壤有效态Cd含量，10.12 t·hm-2TSB可降低微碱性土壤（pH 7.8）有效态Cd含量的44%.② TSB和DHP显著改变了土壤Cd的赋存形态，6.75 t·hm-2和10.12 t·hm-2TSB分别降低可交换态Cd含量的48%和42%，分别增加铁锰氧化物结合态Cd和有机结合态Cd含量的47%~67%和22%~38%.所有处理均增加了残渣态Cd含量，以TSB和DHP配施增幅最大，为115%~217%.③ TSB和DHP显著降低小麦根系、叶片、叶鞘、茎秆、颖壳和籽粒Cd含量.10.12 t·hm-2 TSB小麦籽粒Cd含量降低56%，产量不受影响.10.12 t·hm-2TSB和DHP配施小麦可增产32%，籽粒Cd含量降低53%.结果说明在微碱性土壤上施用TSB和DHP可促进土壤Cd的形态转化，降低土壤Cd的生物有效性，降低小麦籽粒Cd积累. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Soil cadmium (Cd) contamination has become a worldwide concern, and the remediation of contaminated soil is now an urgent task. Usually, the remediation of acid-contaminated soil is relatively easier than that of alkaline soils, and the remediation technologies used for acid-contaminated soil is also more developed. However, remediation technologies suitable for alkaline Cd-contaminated soil are still underdeveloped in northern China, which is also the main wheat producing area. In the present study, a pot experiment was set up to investigate the mechanism of Cd migration and transformation in alkalescent soil (pH 7.8), as affected by tobacco stem biochar (TSB) and diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DHP). TSB (6.75 t·hm-2, 10.12 t·hm-2, calculated as 2250 t soil hm-2), DHP (2.88 t·hm-2), and their combination together with the control treatment were implemented in an artificial Cd-contaminated soil (5.0 mg·kg-1), and their effects on soil pH, available Cd, Cd speciation, and Cd accumulation in wheat were investigated. The results showed that:① the application of TSB and DHP significantly reduced soil available Cd content, and the 10.12 t·hm-2 TSB application reduced the available Cd content by 44%. ② TSB and DHP changed Cd speciation markedly; 6.75 t·hm-2/10.12 t·hm-2 TSB application decreased exchangeable Cd content by 48%-42% and increased iron manganese oxide-binding Cd content by 47%-67% and organic binding-Cd by 22%-38%, respectively. All treatments increased residual form Cd content, among which, the TSB and DHP combination treatment showed the highest increase (115%-217%). ③ All treatments significantly reduced Cd content in wheat roots, leaves, leaf sheaths, stems, glume, and grains. The 10.12 t·hm-2 TSB treatment decreased wheat grain Cd content by 56% without yield penalty. Further, combined with DHP, wheat grain Cd content was decreased by 53% with a 32% grain yield increase. Taken together, all these results showed that the application of TSB and DHP in alkalescent soils promotes Cd transformation and decreases its bioavailability and Cd accumulation in wheat grain. |
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