| 兰州市夏季挥发性有机物污染特征及来源解析 |
| 摘要点击 2699 全文点击 1687 投稿时间：2022-01-27 修订日期：2022-04-01 |
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| 中文关键词 挥发性有机物(VOCs) 污染特征 来源解析 正交矩阵因子分解法(PMF) 兰州 |
| 英文关键词 volatile organic compounds(VOCs) pollution characteristics source analysis positive matrix factorization(PMF) Lanzhou |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 杨燕萍 | 兰州大学大气科学学院, 甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室, 兰州 730000
中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院, 兰州 730000
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
甘肃省环境监测中心站, 兰州 730000 | 306252573@qq.com | | 陈强 | 兰州大学大气科学学院, 甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室, 兰州 730000 | 18193351805@163.com | | 孟宪红 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院, 兰州 730000
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | | 孙健 | 甘肃省环境监测中心站, 兰州 730000 | | | 王莉娜 | 甘肃省环境监测中心站, 兰州 730000 | | | 陶会杰 | 甘肃省环境监测中心站, 兰州 730000 | | | 杨丽丽 | 兰州大学大气科学学院, 甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室, 兰州 730000
甘肃省环境监测中心站, 兰州 730000 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为研究兰州市夏季大气挥发性有机物（VOCs）污染特征和来源，采用实时在线监测仪器TH-300B （GC-MS/FID）等多种设备联用，于2021年7月开展为期1个月的综合观测.结果表明，监测期间总挥发性有机物ρ（TVOCs）为99.77μg·m-3，烷烃占比最大，其次是芳香烃和含氧挥发性有机物（OVOCs），烯炔烃和卤代烃占比较小，各组分浓度呈现早晚高，中午低的日变化特征.VOCs臭氧生成潜势（OFP）前10种物质贡献率占57.3%，二次有机气溶胶（SOA）生成潜势前10种物质贡献率占93.10%，以芳香烃和高碳烷烃为主，其中，甲苯和间/对-二甲苯对OFP和SOA贡献最大.采用正交矩阵因子分解法（PMF）进行污染来源解析，其中工业溶剂源（22.25%）、油漆涂料源（21.70%）和机动车尾气源（16.25%）是研究区环境空气中VOCs的主要来源；基于污染源排放清单法，2017年兰州市VOCs排放量为94761.6 t，主要来自溶剂使用源和移动源，贡献率分别为56.70%和18.03%.因此解决兰州大气复合污染问题，实现O3和PM2.5协同控制，应以工业溶剂排放和机动车管控为主，重点减少VOCs中甲苯和间/对-二甲苯等芳香烃化合物排放. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In order to study characteristics and sources of atmospheric volatile organic compound (VOCs) pollution in Lanzhou in summer, the real-time online monitoring instrument TH-300B (GC-MS/FID) was used to carry out a one-month comprehensive observation in July 2021. The results showed that the concentration of total volatile organic compounds ρ(TVOCs) was 99.77 μg·m-3 during the monitoring period, with alkanes comprising the largest proportion, followed by aromatic hydrocarbons and oxygen-containing volatile organic compounds (OVOCs), and the proportion of alkynes and halogenated hydrocarbons was relatively small. The concentration of each component showed a diurnal variation characteristic of being high in the morning and evening and low at noon. The contribution rate of the top ten VOCs to ozone formation potential (OFP) reached 57.3%, and the contribution rate of the top ten substances in the generation potential of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) accounted for 93.10%, mainly including aromatic hydrocarbons and high-carbon alkanes. Among them, toluene, m/p-xylene OFP, and SOA contributed the most. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) was used to analyze the pollution sources. The results showed that industrial solvent sources (22.25%), paint and coatings sources (21.70%), and motor vehicle exhaust sources (16.25%) were the main sources of VOCs in the ambient air of the study area. Based on the pollution source emission inventory method, VOCs emissions in 2017 were 94761.6 t in Lanzhou, mainly from solvent emission and mobile sources, with contribution rates of 56.70% and 18.03%, respectively. Therefore, to solve the complex atmospheric pollution problem in Lanzhou and realize the coordinated control of O3 and PM2.5, industrial solvent emission and motor vehicle control should be given priority, and focus should be on reducing the emission of toluene, m/p-xylene, and other aromatic hydrocarbons in VOCs. |
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