| 白洋淀及周边土壤重金属的分布特征及生态风险评估 |
| 摘要点击 3447 全文点击 1724 投稿时间：2022-01-09 修订日期：2022-02-28 |
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| 中文关键词 白洋淀 重金属 地统计学 空间分布 土壤污染 风险评价 |
| 英文关键词 Baiyangdian Lake heavy metal geostatistics spatial distribution soil pollution risk evaluation |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 郑飞 | 河北大学生命科学学院, 保定 071002
河北大学生命科学与绿色发展研究院, 保定 071002 | zhengfei@hbu.edu.cn | | 郭欣 | 河北大学生命科学学院, 保定 071002
河北大学生命科学与绿色发展研究院, 保定 071002 | | | 汤名扬 | 河北大学生命科学学院, 保定 071002
河北大学生命科学与绿色发展研究院, 保定 071002 | | | 朱冬 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100085 | | | 董四君 | 河北大学生命科学学院, 保定 071002
河北大学生命科学与绿色发展研究院, 保定 071002 | | | 康乐 | 河北大学生命科学学院, 保定 071002
河北大学生命科学与绿色发展研究院, 保定 071002
中国科学院动物研究所农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室, 北京 100101 | lkang@ioz.ac.cn | | 陈兵 | 河北大学生命科学学院, 保定 071002
河北大学生命科学与绿色发展研究院, 保定 071002 | chenbing@hbu.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为了解白洋淀土壤重金属污染现状和潜在生态风险，采集白洋淀区域表层土壤样本55个并检测锰（Mn）、铬（Cr）、铜（Cu）、锌（Zn）、砷（As）、镉（Cd）、铅（Pb）和镍（Ni）等8种重金属的含量.采用地统计学方法（莫兰指数和半方差函数）分析其空间变异结构和分布格局，运用地累积指数（Igeo）和潜在生态风险指数（Eri和RI）评估了重金属污染的程度及其风险.结果表明，研究区土壤重金属ω（Mn）、ω（Cr）、ω（Cu）、ω（Zn）、ω（As）、ω（Cd）、ω（Pb）和ω（Ni）平均值分别为467.75、43.59、28.57、89.04、12.32、0.18、19.26和30.56 mg ·kg-1，均低于农用地土壤污染风险筛选值，但Cu、Zn和Cd明显高于背景值，其中，Cu （48.65%）和Cd （37.52%）为高度变异元素.莫兰指数显示Mn、Cu、Cd和Pb空间自相关不显著，半方差函数模型拟合显示Cd和Pb的块金系数均为100%，说明其空间变异由随机变异主导，受人为因素影响较大.重金属高值区主要分布在白洋淀的西南部地区，并且元素之间均有显著的相关性，表现为复合污染.重金属污染程度Igeo从高到低依次为：Cd>Cu>Zn>Ni>As>Pb>Mn>Cr，其中，Cd污染最为普遍，67.27%的样本为轻度污染.风险评估（Eri）显示，Cd的Eri平均值为58.81，属于中等程度生态风险；其他重金属均为轻微生态风险.研究区土壤重金属污染RI为轻微生态风险（87.81），其中，Cd对RI的贡献率最高（66.39%）.因此，未来需要加强对白洋淀西南部重点区域重金属Cd污染的监测和治理. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To understand the spatial distribution characteristics and potential ecological risk of heavy metals in soil of Baiyangdian Lake, 55 soil samples were collected and the contents of eight heavy metals (Mn, Cr, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, and Ni) were detected. The spatial variation structure and distribution pattern were analyzed using geostatistical methods (Moran index and semi-variance model). The degree of heavy metal pollution and its risk were assessed using the geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and potential ecological risk index (Eri and RI). The results showed that the average of ω(Mn), ω(Cr), ω(Cu), ω(Zn), ω(As), ω(Cd), ω(Pb), and ω(Ni) were 467.75, 43.59, 28.57, 89.04, 12.32, 0.18, 19.26, and 30.56 mg·kg-1, respectively, all of which were lower than the screening values of soil pollution risk in agricultural land. However, the contents of Cu, Zn, and Cd were significantly higher than their background values, with two highly variable elements of Cu (48.65%) and Cd (37.52%). The Moran index indicated that Mn, Cu, Cd, and Pb showed weak spatial autocorrelation. Nugget coefficients of both of Cd and Pb shown by the semi-variance model were 100%, suggesting random variation as a main spatial variation driven by anthropogenic factors. High values of soil heavy metals were mainly distributed in the southwest of Baiyangdian Lake with a significant correlation between the heavy metals. The Igeo of soil heavy metals from high to low was Cd>Cu>Zn>Ni>As>Pb>Mn>Cr. Cd pollution was the most common, in which 67.27% of the samples were lightly polluted. Ecological risk assessment revealed that the average Eri of Cd was 58.81, belonging to the middle ecological risk level, and the rest were at light ecological risk. As a whole, the RI of soil heavy metal pollution in Baiyangdian Lake was at a light ecological risk level (87.81), with the highest contribution rate of Cd to RI (66.39%). Thus, it is necessary to strengthen the control of soil heavy metal Cd pollution in Baiyangdian Lake in the future. |
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