| 作物秸秆材料处理养殖废水中氮的周年去除效果及其对氮循环微生物丰度的影响 |
| 摘要点击 1635 全文点击 963 投稿时间：2021-11-15 修订日期：2022-01-27 |
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| 中文关键词 秸秆材料 氮(N) 去除效率 氮循环功能基因 养殖废水 |
| 英文关键词 straw materials nitrogen(N) removal efficiency nitrogen cycling functional gene swine wastewater |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 刘铭羽 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | liumingyu16@mails.ucas.ac.cn | | 夏梦华 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | | 蒋磊 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | | 彭健 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | | | 陈坤 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125
湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院, 长沙 410006 | | | 赵聪芳 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125
湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院, 长沙 410006 | | | 李希 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125 | lixi@isa.ac.cn | | 孟岑 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125 | | | 曾睿 | 湖南艾布鲁环保科技股份有限公司, 长沙 410000 | | | 王栋 | 湖南艾布鲁环保科技股份有限公司, 长沙 410000 | | | 李裕元 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125 | | | 吴金水 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室, 长沙 410125 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 基于前期研究，利用秸秆材料处理养殖废水，能够有效降低养殖废水中氮的浓度，但周年去除效果及其对氮循环微生物丰度的影响尚不清楚.设置麦秸、玉米秆、稻草和空白对照这4个处理，试验周期为1 a，研究秸秆材料处理养殖废水中氮的周年去除效果及其氮循环微生物功能基因丰度动态变化.结果表明：① 3种作物秸秆对养殖废水TN和NH4+-N等主要污染物的去除效率均以前6个月为最佳，后6个月去除效率明显下降；稻草及麦秸对TN和NH4+-N的周年去除效果较好，其中稻草和麦秸对TN去除率分别为（32.81±11.34）%和（32.99±9.60）%，对NH4+-N去除率分别为（35.3±13.23）%和（34.97±12.00）%；②添加秸秆材料生物基质消纳系统中氮循环微生物功能基因nirK、nirS和hzsB基因丰度为6.45×109、6.18×109和2.31×109copies·L-1，AOA和AOB基因丰度分别为6.12×1010copies·L-1和4.93×109copies·L-1；16S rRNA高达8.90×1010copies·L-1，均显著高于空白处理（P<0.05）.其中添加稻草和麦秸处理中hzsB基因和nirS基因丰度相对较高，表明添加稻草和麦秸显著增强了生物基质消纳系统厌氧氨氧化和反硝化微生物作用.同时，相较于其他处理，添加麦秸增加了生物基质池AOA和AOB基因丰度，表明麦秸能够促进生物基质消纳系统的硝化作用.以上研究结果为秸秆材料处理养殖废水中氮去除分子机制提供了数据支撑. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Based on previous research, using straw material to treat swine wastewater can effectively reduce the concentration of nitrogen (N); however, the annual N-removal efficiency and change in the abundance of N-cycling functional genes remain unclear. In this study, four treatments (wheat straw, rice straw, corn stalk, and CK) were set up, with the aim of studying the annual N-removal efficiency and change in the abundance of functional genes. Our results showed that:① the total nitrogen (TN) removal and NH4+-N removal efficiency were the best in the first six months and were significantly reduced in the following six months. In addition, the TN removal and NH4+-N efficiency in straw and wheat straw were better than those in corn straw. The TN-removal efficiency in straw and wheat straw were 32.81%±11.34% and 32.99%±9.60%, respectively. The NH4+-N removal efficiency in straw and wheat straw were 35.3%±13.23% and 34.97%±12.00%, respectively. ② The abundance of N-cycling functional genes significantly increased by the addition of straw materials, compared with that of the CK (P<0.05). The average abundances of nirK, nirS, and hzsB were 6.45×109 copies·L-1, 6.18×109 copies·L-1, and 2.31×109 copies·L-1, respectively. The average abundances of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) were 6.12×1010 copies·L-1 and 4.93×109 copies·L-1, respectively. The average hzsB gene abundance was 2.31×109 copies·L-1. The average abundance of 16S rRNA in the treatment was 8.90×1010 copies·L-1. The abundances of hzsB and nirS genes in the straw and wheat straw were higher than those in the other treatment, indicating that the activities of anaerobic ammonia oxidation and denitrifying microorganisms were significantly increased by the addition of straw and wheat straw (P<0.05). In addition, the abundance of AOA and AOB genes were increased in wheat straw, suggesting that wheat straw could promote nitrification. The results provided data supporting the molecular mechanism of nitrogen removal in swine wastewater treatment with straw materials. |
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