| 海-陆大气交汇作用下青岛冬季大气PM2.5污染特征与来源解析 |
| 摘要点击 4351 全文点击 1279 投稿时间：2021-08-03 修订日期：2021-10-13 |
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| 中文关键词 海-陆大气交汇 PM2.5 水溶性离子 无机元素 碳质组分 正定矩阵因子分解模型(PMF) |
| 英文关键词 sea-land-atmosphere convergence PM2.5 water-soluble inorganic ions inorganic elements carbon components positive matrix factorization model(PMF) |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 庹雄 | 山东大学环境研究院, 青岛 266237 | 1373962543@qq.com | | 杨凌霄 | 山东大学环境研究院, 青岛 266237 | yanglingxiao@sdu.edu.cn | | 张婉 | 山东大学环境研究院, 青岛 266237 | | | 齐安安 | 山东大学环境研究院, 青岛 266237 | | | 王浥铭 | 山东大学环境研究院, 青岛 266237 | | | 王鹏程 | 山东大学环境研究院, 青岛 266237 | | | 黄琦 | 山东大学环境研究院, 青岛 266237 | | | 赵彤 | 山东大学环境研究院, 青岛 266237 | | | 张雄飞 | 山东大学环境研究院, 青岛 266237 | | | 徐鹏 | 山东大学环境研究院, 青岛 266237 | | | 张天琪 | 山东大学环境研究院, 青岛 266237 | | | 王文兴 | 山东大学环境研究院, 青岛 266237 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为了研究海-陆大气交汇作用对沿海城市大气污染物的传输与扩散的影响，于2019年11月18日至12月23日在青岛观测站采集大气PM2.5样品，对PM2.5中的水溶性离子、无机元素和碳质组分特征进行了分析，并结合后向轨迹聚类分析模型和PMF模型等方法对青岛市冬季大气污染来源进行分析.结果表明，青岛冬季ρ（PM2.5）平均值为61.0 μg ·m-3，其中，ρ（水溶性离子）、ρ（无机元素）、ρ（OC）和ρ（EC）平均值分别为29.9、5.46、10.2和3.82 μg ·m-3；二次离子（SO42-、NO3-、NH4+）和地壳元素（Si、K、Ca、Fe、Ti）是主要的离子和元素成分，分别占水溶性离子和无机元素的89.3%和61.1%.青岛市大气主要受局部海陆风气流影响（43.4%），其次是季风气流（36.2%），冷空气气流对青岛影响较低（20.4%）.PMF模型结果表明，青岛冬季PM2.5主要来自机动车源（22.0%）、海盐源（21.0%）和煤燃烧源（19.8%）.局部海陆风气流中的污染物主要来自煤燃烧（25.4%）和机动车（18.9%），该气流会加剧本地污染向市内聚集；冷空气气流则以海盐源为主（26.8%），有利于市内大气污染扩散；季风气流对青岛无机元素贡献较高，也会将外地的机动车污染输送至青岛. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In order to explore the impact of sea-land-atmosphere convergence on the transmission and diffusion of atmospheric pollutants in coastal cities, PM2.5 samples were collected from November 18 to December 23, 2019, at the Qingdao Observatory.The characteristics of water-soluble inorganic ions, inorganic elements, and carbon components in PM2.5 were analyzed, and the sources of air pollution in Qingdao in winter were analyzed via the backward trajectory cluster analysis model and PMF. The results showed that the average concentration of PM2.5 in Qingdao in winter was 61.0 μg·m-3. The average concentrations of water-soluble ions, inorganic elements, OC, and EC were 29.9, 5.46, 10.2, and 3.82 μg·m-3, respectively. The secondary ions (SO42-, NO3-, and NH4+) and crustal elements (Si, K, Ca, Fe, and Ti) were the main ions and elemental components, accounting for 89.3% and 61.1% of water-soluble ions and inorganic elements, respectively. Atmosphere of Qingdao was mainly affected by the local sea-land airflow (43.4%), followed by the temperate monsoon airflow (36.2%). The impact of cold air airflow on Qingdao was relatively low (20.4%) The results of the PMF model indicated that the main sources of PM2.5 in Qingdao in winter were motor vehicle sources (22.0%), sea salt sources (21.0%), and coal combustion sources (19.8%). The pollutants in the local sea-land airflow mainly came from coal combustion (25.4%) and motor vehicles (18.9%), and this airflow aggravated local pollution in the city. The cold air airflow was dominated by sea salt sources (26.8%), which was conducive to the spread of air pollution in the city. The monsoon airflow had a high contribution to Qingdao's inorganic elements, and it transported the pollution of motor vehicles from other places to Qingdao. |
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