| 施肥对农田土壤抗生素抗性基因影响的整合分析 |
| 摘要点击 1879 全文点击 578 投稿时间：2021-05-12 修订日期：2021-08-17 |
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| 中文关键词 农田 施肥 Meta分析 抗生素抗性基因(ARGs) 数量 相对丰度 |
| 英文关键词 farmland fertilization Meta-analysis antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) quantity relative abundance |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 探讨施肥措施对农田土壤中抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的影响，为了解和掌握农田土壤中ARGs的来源与积累特征，制定保障生态环境安全和人类健康的管理策略提供科学依据.通过收集近20年（2000~2020年）来已发表的文献，获得独立实验条件下农田土壤ARGs数量和相对丰度匹配数据215组和201组.结果表明，与不施肥相比，配施有机肥显著增加了土壤中ARGs的数量和相对丰度，增加幅度分别为110.0%和91.0%，而施化肥对其无显著影响.配施有机肥对亚热带地区农田土壤ARGs相对丰度的增加幅度相当于暖温带的2.6倍.相较于黑土和暗棕壤，配施有机肥显著增加了红壤和水稻土中ARGs的相对丰度.在偏酸性土壤（pH<7）上配施有机肥增加ARGs数量的幅度（147.6%）显著高于pH>7的碱性土壤（110.4%）.施用家畜粪便对土壤中ARGs数量和相对丰度的增加幅度均显著高于家禽粪便.有机肥对磺胺类、多重耐药类和大环内酯类ARGs相对丰度的增加幅度（170.5%~201.2%）显著高于喹诺酮类、四环素类和氨基糖苷类ARGs（61.5%~115.6%）.有机肥施用年限超过10 a后，土壤中ARGs数量显著增加，增幅为104.2%~112.3%，而对ARGs相对丰度的影响具有一定的不确定性.气候、土壤空间属性、有机肥来源和用量是影响农田土壤中ARGs积累的主要因素.如何有效减缓ARGs在农业生态系统中积累和传播将是未来农业高质量发展需要关注的重点方向. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The objective of this study was to clarify and quantify the impact of fertilizer applications on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in cropland soil. The target was to provide scientific basis for a better understanding of the source and accumulation and transportation characteristics of ARGs in soil and adaptive management strategy-making to secure the ecological environment and human health safety. By collecting data from literature published within the last 20 years (2000-2020), we established a database with 215 and 201 groups of a paired data-set consisting of the quantity and relative abundance of ARGs under independent experimental conditions. Compared to that with no fertilizer, the combined application of organic fertilizer significantly increased the quantity and relative abundance of soil ARGs by 110.0% and 91.0%, respectively. However, chemical fertilization had no significant effect on soil ARGs. The increment of relative abundance of soil ARGs by the combined application of organic fertilizer in the subtropical region was equivalent to 2.6 times that in the warm temperate zone. Compared with that in black soil and dark brown soil, the combined application of organic fertilizer significantly increased the relative abundance of ARGs in red soil and paddy soil in the subtropical region. The increment for the quantity of ARGs (147.6%) by the combined application of organic fertilizer in soil with pH<7 was significantly higher than that in soil with pH>7(110.4%). Compared to poultry manure, livestock manure application significantly increased the quantity and relative abundance of ARGs. The increment of the relative abundance of organic fertilizer to sulfonamide, multidrug, and macrolide ARGs (170.5%-201.2%) was significantly higher than that of quinolone, tetracycline, and aminoglycoside ARGs (61.5%-115.6%). After more than 10 years of applying organic fertilizer, the quantity of soil ARGs significantly increased by 104.2%-112.3%, whereas the effect on the relative abundance was uncertain. Climate, soil spatial properties, and source and amount of organic fertilizer were the main factors affecting the accumulation of ARGs in farmland soil. Management strategies and solutions should pay more attention to effectively minimizing the accumulation and spread of ARGs in agro-ecosystems for high-quality agricultural development in the future. |
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