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典型化工集中区环境空气SVOCs污染特征及来源解析
摘要点击 2236  全文点击 624  投稿时间:2021-02-06  修订日期:2021-05-22
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中文关键词  石化化工集中区  半挥发有机物(SVOCs)  主成分分析(PCA)  特征比值  源解析
英文关键词  petrochemical and chemical industry zone  semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs)  principal component analysis (PCA)  diagnostic ratios  source analysis
作者单位E-mail
葛祥 上海大学环境与化学工程学院, 上海 200444 18516594008@163.com 
吴健 上海大学环境与化学工程学院, 上海 200444  
高松 上海市环境监测中心, 上海 200235 njulegao@163.com 
冯加良 上海大学环境与化学工程学院, 上海 200444  
陈俊伟 上海大学环境与化学工程学院, 上海 200444  
张舒惟 上海大学环境与化学工程学院, 上海 200444  
焦正 上海大学环境与化学工程学院, 上海 200444 zjiao@shu.edu.cn 
中文摘要
      于冬春两季在华东3个典型石化化工集中区设置环境空气观测点,利用PUF大气被动采样技术(PUF-PAS)采集大气中半挥发性有机化合物(SVOCs),使用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)进行分析.获得59种SVOCs的浓度,包括25种多环芳烃(PAHs)、24种正构烷烃及10种藿烷,并结合主成分分析和特征比值法解析PAHs来源.结果表明:①各观测点正构烷烃贡献率最高,其次是PAHs,分别超过60%和30%;②根据各化合物冬春季浓度变化并结合风向进行分析,推测正构烷烃C18、C29αβ-藿烷和C30αβ-藿烷与石油化工排放有关;③PAHs单体以菲(Phe)、荧蒽(Fla)、萘(Nap)、芴(Flu)和芘(Pyr)为主,合计占比高达90.0%;④主成分分析显示观测点PAHs主要来自化石燃料燃烧、机动车尾气和石化工艺排放等,3类来源对PAHs的贡献率分别为56.0%、19.2%和8.6%,基于特征比值法的PAHs来源解析予以了验证.
英文摘要
      In this study, sampling points were set up around three typical petrochemical and chemical industry zones in East China during winter and spring. Atmospheric samples were collected using a PUF passive sampler, and the atmospheric semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) were analyzed and measured using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The concentrations of 59 types of SVOCs were obtained, including 25 types of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 24 types of n-alkanes, and 10 types of hopanes. Principal component analysis (PCA) and diagnostic ratios were used to analyze the sources of PAHs. The results showed that the contribution rate of n-alkanes was the highest at each sampling point, followed by PAHs, which exceeded 60% and 30%, respectively. According to the variation in the concentration of each organic compound in winter and spring and the analysis of wind direction, it is assumed that n-alkanes C18, C29αβ-hopane, and C30αβ-hopane are related to the petrochemical emissions. PAH monomers were composed of phenanthrene (Phe), fluoranthene (Fla), naphthalene (Nap), fluorene (Flu), and pyrene (Pyr) as the main components, accounting for up to 90.0% in total. The PCA showed that the PAHs at the sampling points were mainly from fossil fuel combustion, motor vehicle exhaust, and petrochemical process emissions, and the contribution rates of the three sources to PAHs were 56.0%, 19.2%, and 8.6%, respectively. The above results were verified by the analysis of PAH sources based on diagnostic ratios.

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