| 典型矿冶区周边农业用地农产品安全风险及影响因素 |
| 摘要点击 1971 全文点击 611 投稿时间：2021-03-04 修订日期：2021-04-22 |
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| 中文关键词 农产品 重金属 富集特征 农业用地 风险 |
| 英文关键词 agricultural products heavy metal enrichment characteristics farmland soil risk |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 霍彦慧 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 城市与区域生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100085
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | huoyanhui18@mails.ucas.ac.cn | | 王美娥 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 城市与区域生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100085 | mewang@rcees.ac.cn | | 谢天 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 城市与区域生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100085 | | | 姜瑢 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 城市与区域生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100085 | | | 陈卫平 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 城市与区域生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100085
中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 土壤重金属污染所引发的农产品安全风险日趋严重.以湖南省某典型矿冶区周边农业用地为研究区域，通过分析土壤及农产品重金属含量，揭示了研究区域农业用地土壤重金属污染特征及农产品安全风险，并应用主成分分析及相关性分析手段探明了主要影响因素.结果表明，研究区土壤主要重金属污染物为Cd、Cu、Pb和Zn，平均含量分别为9.12、358、303和185 mg ·kg-1，pH值范围为4.67~7.22，严格管控类别占比达100%；同种农产品对不同重金属元素的富集情况不同，重金属含量总体表现为：Zn>Cu>Pb>Cd，富集系数（BCF）值为：Cd>Zn>Cu>Pb，其中农产品Pb和Cd超标现象较为严重，超标率分别达78%和41%，具有较高的食用安全风险；不同种类农产品对同一种金属元素富集情况总体表现为叶菜类高于薯类和茄果类；农产品重金属含量可以由2个主成分反映，主成分1方差贡献率高达88.0%，主要受土壤重金属影响（P<0.01）；富集特征除受农产品种类影响外，还可由土壤pH值、阳离子交换量（CEC）和有机质（SOM）含量进行调控（r为-0.407~-0.641，P<0.05）.结果表明，研究区农业用地土壤和农产品均存在多种重金属复合污染，农产品安全风险较高，须规避农作物种植，对污染土壤采取一定的修复管控措施以降低相应风险. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The security risks of heavy metal pollution in agro-products are becoming increasingly serious. This paper investigated the heavy metal contamination of farmland soils and agro-products around a typical mining smelter in Hunan province, and explored the influencing factors based on principal component and correlation analyses. The results showed that the soils were significantly contaminated by heavy metals, with a mean concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn of 9.12, 358, 303, and 185 mg·kg-1, respectively, pH range from 4.67 to 7.22. All the sites included were under strict control. With regards to the agro-products, the concentration of heavy metal elements were different, and the order of heavy metal concentrations was Zn>Cu>Pb>Cd, with an order of biological enrichment factor(BCF) of Cd>Zn>Cu>Pb. Over-the-standard elements in agro-products included Pb and Cd at 78% and 41%, respectively, which indicated a higher security risk from these products. The accumulation of the same heavy metals in leaf vegetables were generally higher than sweet potatoes and solanaceous vegetables. The heavy metal concentrations in soils corresponded to the first principal component(P<0.01), with the variance reaching 88.0%, which dominated the sources of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in agro-products. The enrichment characteristics were mainly affected by the type of crops, and was also regulated by the soil pH, cation exchange capacity, and soil organic matter(the correlation coefficients of r were -0.407- -0.641, P<0.05). In conclusion, there was a combined heavy metal pollution and high risk in soils and agro-products. Therefore, the planting of crops in the study area should be avoided, and soil remediation measures should be implemented to reduce security risks. |
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