| 铁尾矿芦苇根际微生物和根内生菌群落分布及其限制性因子解析 |
| 摘要点击 2725 全文点击 777 投稿时间：2021-03-06 修订日期：2021-03-30 |
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| 中文关键词 重金属污染 根际微生物 根内生菌 微生物多样性 高通量测序 |
| 英文关键词 heavy metal pollution rhizosphere microorganisms endophytic bacteria microbial diversity high-throughput sequencing |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 利用Illumina高通量测序技术研究了北京市怀柔区前安岭铁尾矿库周边春季和夏季芦苇根际土壤微生物和根内生菌的组成.测序结果表明：在门水平共鉴定出40个门类，在各样本中，变形杆菌（Proteobateria）和放线菌（Actinobacteriota）均是优势菌门，在所有样本中二者之和所占比例均大于80%；在属水平，假杆菌属（Pseudarthrobacter）在根际和根内均占优势.α多样性分析表明，根际土壤微生物的物种丰富度（Sobs、Chao）和物种多样性指数（Shannon、PD）均显著高于根内生菌，Sobs、Chao、Shannon和PD指数的最大值和最小值差值分别为1336、1582.24、6.48和81.18.β多样性分析表明，根际土壤微生物和根内生菌的群落组成差异显著，而不同季节的样本之间差异并不明显.另外，各样本中的优势菌种，如假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）、节杆菌属（Arthrobacter）和链霉菌属（Streptomyces）对重金属具有较强的耐受性.独有和共有微生物分析结果显示，在774个属中，共有250个属在4种类型的样本中同时存在，这表明不同样本的微生物群落组成具有一定的相似性.与土壤基本理化性质的相关性分析表明，Ni、Fe、有效磷、有效硫和有机质与微生物群落显著相关.通过COG功能预测发现，芦苇根际土壤和根内样本中的微生物代谢功能（如能量生产与转换、氨基酸转运与代谢、碳水化合物转运与代谢和无机离子转运与代谢）十分丰富. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The composition of the rhizospheric and endophytic bacteria Phragmites australis in spring and summer around the Qiananling iron tailings reservoir in the Huairou District of Beijing was studied using Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology. Sequencing identified 40 phyla, and Proteobateria and Actinobacteria were the dominant phyla in all samples, accounting for more than 80% of the sequences in all samples. At the genus level, Pseudoarthrobacter was dominant. α-diversity analysis showed that species richness(Sobs, Chao) and species diversity indexes(Shannon, PD) of the rhizosphere soil microorganisms were significantly higher than those of endophytes. The maximum and minimum differences of the Sobs, Chao, Shannon, PD indexes were 1336, 1582.24, 6.48, and 81.18, respectively. β-diversity analysis indicated that there were significant differences in the community compositions of rhizosphere soil microorganisms and root endophytes, while now notable differences were observed between samples in different seasons. In addition, the dominant strains in each sample(such as Pseudomonas, Arthrobacter, and Streptomyces) were highly resistant to heavy metals. Among the 774 genera, a total of 250 genera coexisted in four types of samples, indicating that the microbial community composition of different samples had some degree of similarity. Correlation analysis between soil physical and chemical properties showed that Ni, Fe, available phosphorus, effective sulphur, and organic matter were significantly related to the microbial communities. Through the prediction of COG function, it was found that the microbial metabolic functions(i.e., energy production and conversion, amino acid transport and metabolism, carbohydrate transport and metabolism, inorganic ion transport, and metabolism) were abundant. |
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