| 上海市夏季臭氧污染特征及削峰方案 |
| 摘要点击 4040 全文点击 1105 投稿时间：2020-11-28 修订日期：2021-01-27 |
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| 中文关键词 臭氧(O3) 削峰方案 区域协同 前体物削减比例 数值模拟 |
| 英文关键词 ozone(O3) peak ozone control regional joint reduction ratio of ozone precursors numerical simulation |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 严茹莎 | 上海市环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室, 上海 200233 | yanrs@saes.sh.cn | | 王红丽 | 上海市环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室, 上海 200233 | | | 黄成 | 上海市环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室, 上海 200233 | | | 王倩 | 上海市环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室, 上海 200233 | | | 安静宇 | 上海市环境科学研究院, 国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室, 上海 200233 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 随着大气污染治理措施的不断推进，近年来上海市PM2.5浓度呈现明显的下降趋势，但O3污染现象依然频发，因此分析O3污染发生规律，科学制定O3削峰方案是目前亟需解决的问题.本研究以2017年7月为例，期间长三角17个城市累计O3污染天数165 d，其中上海最为严重，7月超标率为64.5%，分析前体物浓度和气象要素，主要是由于高温、低湿、小风不利气象条件和较高的前体物排放共同导致，期间上海市NO2平均浓度为27.1 μg·m-3，VOCs体积分数为22.5×10-9.通过WRF-CMAQ情景模拟，仅上海进行前体物削减，对区域性O3污染控制较为有限，建议多城市共同削减，上海及邻近周边9城市削减VOCs排放30%，上海O3日最大8 h浓度可下降7.2%，如果扩大到17个城市削减，上海O3日最大8 h浓度降幅为7.8%.同时建议严格控制前体物削减比例，VOCs ：NOx削减比例应大于3 ：1，否则会导致部分地区O3浓度反弹. |
| 英文摘要 |
| With the continuous development of air pollution control measures, the concentration of PM2.5 in Shanghai has shown a conspicuous downward trend in recent years. However, frequent O3 pollution events have highlighted the urgent need to explore the occurrence patterns of O3 pollution and develop scientific strategies for reducing O3 peaks. This study examines data from July 2017, when the cumulative number of O3 pollution days in 17 cities in the Yangtze River Delta was 165 days, of which Shanghai was the most serious, with an exceedance rate of 64.5%. During this period, the average concentration of NO2 in Shanghai was 27.1 μg·m-3 and volatile organic copunds (VOCs) mixing ratio was 22.5×10-9. By analyzing ozone precursor concentrations and meteorological factors, we determined that these events mainly resulted from a combination of unfavorable meteorological conditions such as high temperature, low humidity, low wind speed, and high precursor emissions. WRF-CMAQ scenario simulations showed that a reduction in precursor emissions in Shanghai alone would have a limited controlling effect on regional O3 pollution. Thus, regional joint control is recommended when widespread pollution events occur. Our analysis shows that if VOCs in Shanghai and nine neighboring cities can be reduced by 30%, the maximum 8-h O3 concentration in Shanghai could be reduced by 7.2%. If the reduction number of these cities rises to 17, the maximum 8-h O3 concentration reduction rate in Shanghai will increase to 7.8%. It is also recommended that the VOCs:NOx reduction ratio should be strictly controlled at more than 3:1, or else the O3 concentration in some areas will increase. |
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