| 长江下游居民区降水地表径流的污染特征 |
| 摘要点击 2184 全文点击 630 投稿时间：2020-12-16 修订日期：2021-01-07 |
| 查看HTML全文
查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 中文关键词 地表径流 重金属 溶解性有机质(DOM) 差分光谱 锑 |
| 英文关键词 surface runoff heavy metals dissolved organic matter (DOM) differential absorption spectroscopy antimony |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 郭文景 | 江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 南京 210014
农业农村部长江下游平原农业环境重点实验室, 南京 210014 | craes_gwj@163.com | | 张志勇 | 江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 南京 210014
农业农村部长江下游平原农业环境重点实验室, 南京 210014 | jaaszyzhang@126.com | | 闻学政 | 江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 南京 210014
农业农村部长江下游平原农业环境重点实验室, 南京 210014 | | | 张瀚文 | 江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 南京 210014
农业农村部长江下游平原农业环境重点实验室, 南京 210014 | | | 王岩 | 江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 南京 210014
农业农村部长江下游平原农业环境重点实验室, 南京 210014 | |
|
| 中文摘要 |
| 城市地表径流是重要非点源污染源之一，其研究对于我国城市水环境质量控制具有重要的现实意义.本文选择我国长江下游地区典型居民区下垫面作为研究对象，采集不同下垫面的多场降雨径流，探究分析其中主要金属污染物和溶解性有机质（DOM）的分布、结构特征和污染负荷.结果发现，不同下垫面地表径流中重金属均呈现一定程度的超标现象，其浓度由高到低排序为：Zn > Cu > Pb > Sb > Cd，不同下垫面地表径流污染特征呈现了显著的差异，交通主干道的金属和DOM污染均最为严重；不同下垫面有机质结构特性也呈现出了明显的差异；地表径流DOM与阳离子金属污染物（Cu）的结合作用强烈，紫外差分光谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱显示其结合位点位于羧基、酚羟基和C＝C结构，而类金属污染物（Sb）则结合较弱，其在径流中可能以游离态存在；研究区域不同金属污染物对临近水体产生的污染年负荷依次为：Zn > Cu > Pb > Sb > Cd，无锡和南京采样区DOM的单位面积污染负荷分别为0.93 g·（m2·a）-1和8.72 g·（m2·a）-1.结果表明需要针对不同下垫面属性和不同污染物结构特征开展对应的污染拦截措施，相关结果可以为长江下游流域水环境质量改善提供参考信息. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Urban surface runoff is an important non-point pollution source, and research on contamination characteristics of runoff is urgent for improving urban aquatic environment quality. Typical cities along the downstream Yangtze River, Wuxi and Nanjing, were selected in this study, and runoff samples from various underlying surfaces were collected to investigate contamination characteristics of heavy metals and dissolved organic matter (DOM). The results indicated that the concentration of heavy metals have exceed water quality standards in underlying surfaces partly, the decreasing order of metal contaminations was Zn > Cu > Pb > Sb > Cd. Contamination characteristics of surface runoff were found to exhibit significant differences, and arterial traffic exhibited the severe contamination of both heavy metals and DOM. Spectral characteristics indicated that the structure of DOM exhibited significant differences in various underlying surfaces, and DOM humification levels in Wuxi showed the following decreasing order:roof covering > sidewalk > parking area > grassy area > arterial traffic, aromaticity indexes exhibited order as:arterial traffic > grassy area > sidewalk > roof covering > parking area. Differential absorption spectroscopy (DAS) and FT-IR analyses indicated that DOM exhibited strong combination effects with cationic metal pollutants (Cu), which mainly occur with C＝C structure and carboxylic and phenolic groups; DOM presented weak combination with anion metal pollutant (Sb), indicating that Sb likely exists as a free anion in runoff. The annual total loadings of metal contaminations in the study area were as follows:Zn > Cu > Pb > Sb > Cd. The loadings of Zn were 4.83 kg·a-1 and 3.21 kg·a-1 in Wuxi and Nanjing, respectively. Annual loadings of DOM reached 0.93 g·(m2·a)-1 and 8.72 g·(m2·a)-1. The results indicated that corresponding pollution reduction measures should be implemented for different underlying surfaces to reduce contaminant concentrations; our findings may provide essential information for improving the aquatic environment quality in downstream Yangtze River. |
|
|
|
