| 温度和搅拌对牛粪厌氧消化系统抗生素抗性基因变化和微生物群落的影响 |
| 摘要点击 2378 全文点击 719 投稿时间：2020-10-24 修订日期：2020-11-24 |
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| 中文关键词 厌氧消化 搅拌 温度 抗生素抗性基因 微生物群落 |
| 英文关键词 anaerobic digestion stirring temperature antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs) microbial communities |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 分别设置中温不搅拌、中温搅拌、高温不搅拌和高温搅拌这4种牛粪厌氧消化处理，探究温度和搅拌对牛粪厌氧消化抗生素抗性基因（antibiotic resistance genes，ARGs）变化及微生物群落的影响.以厌氧消化特性为基础，分析ARGs和可移动遗传元件（mobile genetic elements，MGEs）的丰度变化和微生物群落结构，并利用网络分析和冗余分析探究影响ARGs变化的关键因素.通过双因素方差分析可知，温度对厌氧消化产气的影响（η2=0.934）强于搅拌（η2=0.911），高温总产气量较中温提高了13.93%，且中温条件下搅拌的总产气量较未搅拌提高了12.63%.温度对ARGs去除的影响（η2=0.992）也强于搅拌（η2=0.920）.高温将ARGs和MGEs的去除量显著提升至0.09~1.53（对数值），但搅拌对ARGs和MGEs的去除无显著影响.微生物群落受温度的影响也更为显著，门水平微生物Firmicutes成为高温条件下的绝对优势菌，相对丰度高达86%以上.属水平微生物Sedimentibacter、Sphaerochaeta和Pseudomonas等为ARGs的潜在宿主菌，直接影响ARGs的变化.理化因子影响了微生物的分布，尤其是总氨氮和总挥发酸，通过影响ARGs宿主菌间接影响ARGs的变化.整体来看，高温不搅拌的消化条件有利于气体的产生和ARGs的去除. |
| 英文摘要 |
| To investigate the effects of temperature and stirring on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and microbial communities during the anaerobic digestion of dairy manure, mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion experiments were performed with and without stirring. Two-way analysis of variance indicated that temperature affected biogas production more strongly than stirring (η2=0.934>0.911), and thermophilic and stirring increased the total biogas yield by 13.93% and 12.63%, respectively. The effect of temperature on the removal of ARGs was also stronger than that of stirring (η2=0.992>0.920), where thermophilic conditions enhanced the reduction of ARGs and MGEs to 0.09-1.53 (logarithm), while stirring had no significant effects. When temperature was altered from mesophilic to thermophilic, the microbial communities shifted, with Firmicutes becoming the dominant phylum after thermophilic anaerobic digestion, with a relative abundance of >86%. Network analysis demonstrated that eight genera including Sedimentibacter, Sphaerochaeta, and Pseudomonas were the hosts of ARGs and MGEs, and the redundancy analysis suggested that physicochemical parameters play important roles in shaping microbial communities, especially TAN and TVFAs, which indirectly affected the ARGs by altering their host bacteria. |
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