| 不同作物农田土壤抗生素抗性基因多样性 |
| 摘要点击 2336 全文点击 755 投稿时间：2020-09-09 修订日期：2020-12-02 |
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| 中文关键词 抗生素抗性基因 土壤 作物 重金属 多样性 |
| 英文关键词 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) soil crops heavy metals diversity |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 土壤作为地球关键带最为活跃的组成部分，在保障粮食安全和维持生态环境平衡中发挥着重要作用.农田土壤抗生素抗性基因（antibiotic resistance genes，ARGs）污染特征和传播扩散机制受到了广泛的关注.为全面探究不同作物种植情况下农田土壤抗生素抗性基因污染特征，明确不同作物农田土壤抗性基因的多样性及其影响因素，本文采用抗生素抗性基因高通量qPCR技术（HT-qPCR），对不同作物农田土壤抗生素抗性基因的多样性展开了研究.结果表明，农田土壤总计检出187种抗生素抗性基因，种植柑橘（GJ）、花生（HS）、水稻（SD）、甘蔗（GZ）和香蕉（XJ）的土壤中分别检测出抗生素抗性基因89、147、143、157和159种，它们的丰度介于6.47×109~1.41×1010 copies·g-1之间，其中多重耐药抗性基因在农田土壤中占据显著优势.基于R软件的envfit分析显示，As、Co、Cr、Mo、Ni和Pb显著影响农田土壤抗生素抗性基因组成（P<0.05），冗余分析（RDA）显示这些重金属元素对农田土壤抗生素抗性基因变化的总解释量达到了59.3%.本研究证明，农田土壤是抗生素抗性基因的重要存储库，不同作物农田土壤抗性基因组成有显著差异（P<0.05），重金属元素对土壤抗性基因的赋存和扩散可能具有重要作用，种植不同作物对农田土壤抗生素抗性基因多样性产生了显著影响. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Soil is the primary interface of Earth's critical zone and plays an important role in food security and sustaining environmental balance. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) pose significant threat to human health and ecosystems, with croplands being intensively affected via planting patterns and the application of fertilizers. The transmission of ARGs in croplands remains largely unknown. Using high throughput quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (HT-qPCR) techniques, we investigated the occurrence and diversity of ARGs and their association with heavy metals in different croplands in China. A total of 187 ARGs were identified, ranging from 89 to 159 in agricultural soils. The abundance of ARGs ranged from 6.47×109 to 1.41×1010 copies·g-1 with multidrug resistance genes being the most abundant. Heavy metals including As, Co, Cr, Mo, Ni, and Pb were correlated with ARGs using the R package ‘evnfit’. Furthermore, redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that the heavy metals explained 59.3% of the variability of ARGs in the different croplands, indicating that heavy metals might exert an important influence on the composition and transmission of ARGs. Croplands soils act as a vital reservoir and reaction media for ARGs. Different crop cultivation coupled with selection pressure of heavy metals from fertilizers could have potential impacts on the prevalence, diversity, and distribution of ARGs. |
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