| 新疆叶尔羌河流域地表水水化学特征及控制因素 |
| 摘要点击 2516 全文点击 829 投稿时间：2020-09-14 修订日期：2020-10-04 |
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| 中文关键词 地表水 水化学 离子来源 化学成因 叶尔羌河流域 |
| 英文关键词 surface water hydrochemistry ion source chemical origin Yarkant River Basin |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 张杰 | 新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052
新疆水文水资源工程技术研究中心, 乌鲁木齐 830052 | zj4537@126.com | | 周金龙 | 新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052
新疆水文水资源工程技术研究中心, 乌鲁木齐 830052 | zjzhoujl@163.com | | 曾妍妍 | 新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052
新疆水文水资源工程技术研究中心, 乌鲁木齐 830052 | | | 涂治 | 新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052
新疆水文水资源工程技术研究中心, 乌鲁木齐 830052 | | | 纪媛媛 | 新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052
新疆水文水资源工程技术研究中心, 乌鲁木齐 830052 | | | 孙英 | 新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052
新疆水文水资源工程技术研究中心, 乌鲁木齐 830052 | | | 雷米 | 新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052
新疆水文水资源工程技术研究中心, 乌鲁木齐 830052 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 本文运用Piper三线图、Gibbs图、饱和指数和离子比例关系等方法分析新疆叶尔羌河流域地表水水化学特征及其控制因素，对流域地表水资源合理开发利用具有重要意义.结果表明，地表水pH范围为7.40~8.33，均值为7.92，整体呈弱碱性.河水、渠水和水库水的溶解性总固体（TDS）均值呈现依次递增的趋势，其中河水的TDS均值为429.24 mg·L-1，高于世界河流的平均值（115 mg·L-1）.河水的水化学类型主要为HCO3·SO4-Ca·Na和SO4·HCO3·Cl-Ca·Na·Mg型.渠水的水化学类型主要为HCO3·SO4·Cl-Ca·Na型.水库水的水化学类型主要为SO4·Cl-Na·Ca型.叶尔羌河沿程河水TDS呈连续增加趋势，提孜那甫河沿程河水TDS呈连续波动变化，而主要离子的变化趋势较为复杂.地表水体离子主要受岩石风化、蒸发结晶和阳离子交换作用影响，其中岩石风化作用过程中以石膏和岩盐的溶解为主.此外，人类活动对下游地表水水化学组分具有重要影响. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In this study, the hydrochemical characteristics of surface water in the Yarkant River Basin of Xinjiang and their controlling factors were analyzed using a Piper trilinear diagram, Gibbs diagram, saturation index, ion proportional relationship, and other methods. The study has significance to the surface water resources in the basin for development and utilization. The results indicated that the pH of the surface water ranged from 7.40 to 8.33, with a mean value of 7.92, which was weakly alkaline. The mean value of the total dissolved solids (TDS) of the river, canal, and reservoir water exhibited an increasing trend. The TDS mean of the river was 429.24 mg·L-1, higher than the average value of rivers worldwide (115 mg·L-1). The hydrochemical types of the river water were predominantly HCO3·SO4-Ca·Na and SO4·HCO3·Cl-Ca·Na·Mg types, of the canal water was mainly HCO3·SO4·Cl-Ca·Na type, and of the reservoir water was mostly the SO4·Cl-Na·Ca type. The TDS of the river water along the Yarkant River and Tiznap River demonstrated a continuous increase and fluctuation trend, respectively, while the variation of the primary ions was relatively complex. The primary ions of surface water were mostly influenced by rock weathering, evaporation crystallization, and cation exchange, in which gypsum and rock salt were predominantly dissolved in the process of rock weathering. In addition, human activities had significant effects on the chemical composition of the surface water downstream. |
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