| 龙岩市某铁锰矿区土壤重金属地球化学空间分布特征与来源分析 |
| 摘要点击 2591 全文点击 718 投稿时间：2020-07-15 修订日期：2020-08-23 |
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| 中文关键词 土壤 重金属 矿区 地球化学空间分布 来源 |
| 英文关键词 soil heavy metal mining area geochemical spatial distribution sources |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 采集了龙岩市某铁锰矿区基岩-不同层位土壤配套样品，测试了其中重金属Pb、Cd和As含量，采用普通克里金插值法，研究了土壤中3种重金属元素的地球化学空间分布特征，分析了Pb、Cd和As的来源.结果表明，研究区地处汇水盆地中，高含量Pb和As主要分布于工作区西部靠近露天采场的区域，中部两支河流交汇处及东部废石堆附近，而Cd大面积集中于西部露天采场周边及选矿厂附近.从水平剖面看，3种重金属在土壤各层位高值区域的含量变化整体表现为随着与矿区水平距离的增加而逐渐降低的趋势.从垂向剖面看，重金属在不同层位土壤间的相关度高.Pb、Cd和As在西部距离露天采场较近的区域，含量随深度增加呈先升高再降低的趋势.在其他高值区域，3种重金属含量随深度增加而降低.不同层位土壤Pb和As含量与花岗岩、闪长岩中的含量均呈显著正相关关系，Pb和As继承了矿床及其周边母岩的特性.研究区重金属As虽受到矿山开采等人为影响，但影响程度不高.部分点位母质（岩）自身具有较高含量的重金属，同时，土壤中重金属Pb和Cd的含量显著高于岩石含量，甚至远远超过土壤风险筛选值，受工矿业、交通运输和农业生产等人类活动影响较大，存在点源污染，需关注其对农产品质量安全、农作物生长及土壤生态环境可能产生的风险. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Bedrock and soil samples from different soil profile layers were collected in an iron and manganese ore area of Longyan City and total amounts of Pb, Cd, and As were determined. The geochemical patterns of three heavy metal elements in the soil were studied using ordinary Kriging interpolation and their sources were also analyzed. High concentrations of Pb and As were found near the mining area to the west, at the intersection of two rivers in the middle, and near the waste rock heap in the east of the study area, while the main area of Cd contamination is located near to the mining areas and ore dressing plant. Based on a horizontal section, the content of Pb, Cd, and As in soils from the high-value region of each layer decreased with horizontal distance from the mining area. Vertically, the concentrations of heavy metals in different soil layers were significantly correlated. Near the mining area, Pb, Cd, and As concentrations first increased and then decreased with depth. In other high-value regions, the concentrations of these three heavy metals decreased with soil profile depth. These heavy metals inherit the characteristics of the deposit and bedrock during the weathering process, and the content of Pb and As in the soil at different depths was significantly positively correlated with granite and diorite content. Although As has been artificially influenced by mining, this influence does not appear to be strong; parent rock in the study area shows higher concentrations of heavy metals, while at the same time, the Pb and Cd content of soil is significantly higher than in the rock indicating the influence of human activities including mining, transportation, and agricultural production. Further attention should now be paid to the quality and safety of agricultural products, crop growth, and possible environmental risks in the study area. |
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