| 柳州市春季大气挥发性有机物污染特征及源解析 |
| 摘要点击 2866 全文点击 846 投稿时间：2020-04-01 修订日期：2020-07-22 |
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| 中文关键词 挥发性有机物(VOCs) 臭氧 臭氧生成潜势(OFP) 气溶胶生成潜势(AFP) 正交矩阵因子模型(PMF) |
| 英文关键词 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) ozone ozone formation potential(OFP) aerosol formation potential(AFP) positive matrix factorization(PMF) |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为了解我国西南岩溶工业地区VOCs污染特征及其来源，2019年3月用GC955挥发性有机物在线监测系统对柳州市大气VOCs进行监测并对其污染特征、臭氧生成潜势（OFP）、气溶胶生成潜势（AFP）和正交矩阵因子模型（PMF）进行分析.结果表明：①研究区春季监测期间共检出50种VOCs组分，日平均摩尔分数为25.52×10-9 mol·mol-1.其中，烷烃、烯烃、炔烃及芳香烃分布占比为56.08%、19.63%、14.25%和10.04%.②VOCs摩尔分数呈现白天低，夜间高的特征.VOCs日变化中的峰值与早晚交通高峰出现的时间有一定的相关性，同时可能受到多方面因素的影响.③烯烃、芳香烃及烷烃对OFP贡献分布为44.30%、33.03%及19.96%，指示对于芳香烃和烯烃的控制应优先于烷烃.此外柳州市O3生成处于VOCs敏感区，消减VOCs对O3生成具有控制作用.④芳香烃对AFP的贡献高达95.27%，因此对于机动车尾气排放、溶剂的使用、汽车产业和化工产业这几个行业工艺上的改进及控制可同时有效地抑制臭氧及霾污染.⑤柳州春季VOCs排放源及其对总VOCs的贡献分别为：工业排放源（28.34%）、机动车源（25.47%）、燃烧源（24.37%）、溶剂使用源（13.28%）和植物排放源（8.54%），表明控制工业排放源、机动车源和燃烧源是目前控制柳州市环境空气中VOCs污染的主要途径，同时，重点考虑控制这些排放源排放的烯烃和芳香烃. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The objective was to investigate the characteristics and sources of ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the karst region in southwestern China. We monitored atmospheric VOCs in Liuzhou by the GC955 VOCs Online Monitoring System and analyzed the pollution characteristics, ozone formation potential (OFP), aerosol formation potential (AFP), and the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model in March 2019. The results show that ① 50 kinds of VOC components were detected during the supervised period, with an average daily concentration of 25.52×10-9 mol·mol-1, which was composed of alkanes (56.08%), alkenes (19.63%), alkynes (14.25%), and aromatics (10.04%), respectively. ② The concentration of VOCs was lower during the day and higher at night, with the highest value at 23:00. The VOC concentration was low in daytime and high at night. The peak value of VOCs with regard to diurnal variation was correlated with the time of morning and the evening traffic peak and may be influenced by various factors. ③ The contribution of alkenes, aromatics, and alkanes to OFP was 44.30%, 33.03%, and 19.96%, respectively. This indicates that the control of aromatic and olefin should prioritize alkanes. In addition, Liuzhou city is in the VOC sensitive area of O3 generation, and the reduction of VOCs had a controlling effect on O3 generation. ④ The contribution of aromatic hydrocarbons to AFP was up to 95.27%. Therefore, the improvement and control of the processes in motor vehicle exhaust emissions, solvent use, and the automobile industry and the chemical industry could effectively suppress ozone and haze pollution. ⑤ The emission sources of VOCs in spring were mainly industrial emission sources (28.34%), motor vehicle sources (25.47%), combustion sources (24.37%), solvent sources (13.28%), and plant emission sources (8.54%), respectively. This indicates that the control of industrial emission sources, motor vehicle sources, and combustion sources is the main way to control VOC pollution in Liuzhou City. Meanwhile, the olefin and aromatic hydrocarbons emitted by these emission sources should be mainly considered. |
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