| 铜尾矿白羊草叶际和根际细菌群落特征 |
| 摘要点击 3421 全文点击 1070 投稿时间：2020-05-01 修订日期：2020-05-28 |
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| 中文关键词 铜尾矿 叶际 根际 细菌群落 结构与多样性 |
| 英文关键词 copper tailing phyllosphere rhizosphere bacterial community structure and diversity |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 植物叶际、根际微生物及其生存环境共同形成复杂的生态系统，其中，根际微生物也是土壤物质循环的主要动力，可以为植物的生长发育提供基础.叶际和根际微生物也可作为生态学指标，在矿区生态稳定与生态恢复中具有显著作用.本研究选择铜尾矿优势禾草白羊草为研究对象，采用高通量测序的方法，研究白羊草叶际和根际细菌群落特征，探究影响白羊草叶际和根际微生物群落结构与多样性的关键生态因子.结果表明，白羊草叶际和根际细菌群落结构具有显著差异.其中，白羊草叶际细菌优势属包括假单胞菌属、肠杆菌属和鞘脂单胞菌属，根际细菌优势属为Solrubrobacter和酸杆菌属.白羊草根际细菌群落的香农指数、ACE指数和Chao1指数均显著高于叶际细菌.土壤水分含量、pH、土壤砷和锌含量，白羊草总氮和总硫，及叶片和根内的镉和铬是影响白羊草叶际和根际优势细菌属的主要生态因子.此外，根际细菌群落香农指数与根内铜含量显著负相关，辛普森指数与根的总氮含量显著正相关，叶际细菌群落ACE指数与叶片总硫含量显著正相关.本研究结果可为铜尾矿生态恢复中发掘和利用叶际或根际细菌资源及提高矿区生态修复效率提供科学依据. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The phyllosphere and rhizosphere of plants and their living environment jointly form a complex ecosystem. Rhizosphere microorganisms are also the main driving force of the circulation of soil materials, which can provide a basis for the growth and development of plants. Phyllosphere and rhizosphere microorganisms can also be used as ecological indicators, and play significant roles in the ecological stability and recovery of mining areas. In this study, we selected a dominant species, Bothriochloa ischaemum, as the research object. We studied the characteristics of phyllosphere and rhizosphere bacterial communities in B. ischaemum from copper tailings with high-throughput sequencing methods. We explored the key ecological factors affecting the structure and diversity of phyllosphere and rhizosphere bacterial communities in B. ischaemum. The results showed that there were significant differences in the bacterial community structures between the rhizosphere and phyllosphere. The dominant phyllosphere bacterial genera of B. ischaemum included Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, and Sphingomonas. The dominant rhizosphere bacterial genera were Acidibacter and Solrubrobacter. Moreover, the Shannon diversity, abundance-based coverage estimator (ACE), and Chao1 indices of rhizosphere bacterial communities were significantly higher than those of phyllosphere communities. The key ecological factors affecting the dominant phyllosphere and rhizosphere bacterial genera included soil water content, pH, soil arsenic and zinc, total nitrogen, and sulfur of B. ischaemum, as well as plant cadmium and chromium. Furthermore, the Shannon diversity indices of rhizosphere bacterial communities were negatively correlated with root copper contents, and Simpson indices were positively correlated with root total nitrogen. There was a significant positive correlation between the ACE index and leaf total sculpture. These results provide a scientific basis for the exploration and utilization of phyllosphere and rhizosphere bacterial resources, and could improve the efficiency of ecological restoration in copper tailings. |
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