| 北京某污水处理厂及受纳水体中典型有机磷酸酯的污染特征和风险评估 |
| 摘要点击 1711 全文点击 823 投稿时间：2019-08-05 修订日期：2019-10-11 |
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| 中文关键词 有机磷酸酯(OPEs) 固相萃取 污水处理 环境风险 受纳水体 |
| 英文关键词 organophosphate esters (OPEs) solid phase extraction sewage treatment environmental risk receiving water |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 有机磷酸酯（organophosphate esters，OPEs）在环境中普遍存在，对生态系统和人体健康构成潜在的风险.在优化固相萃取（SPE）前处理方法的基上，建立了超高效液相色谱-质谱联用（UPLC-MS/MS）测定水体中8种OPEs的检测方法.实验对比了不同SPE小柱、不同洗脱液和不同洗脱液体积对8种目标化合物的回收率.结果发现，使用ENVI-18柱富集OPEs，用8 mL含25%（体积分数）二氯甲烷的乙腈洗脱，目标化合物加标回收率在92.5%~102.2%.不同基质样品加标回收率为88.5%~116.1%，RSD为1.7%~9.9%.对北京某污水处理厂不同工艺和污水受纳河流水体上下游连续6 d取样检测，污水厂出水中OPEs的浓度范围为85.9~235.4 ng·L-1，受纳河流下游的6 d OPEs平均浓度为130.3 ng·L-1，高于上游来水中浓度（119.4 ng·L-1），但低于污水处理厂出水平均总浓度（162.5 ng·L-1）.结果表明，污水处理厂不能完全去除OPEs，对磷酸三乙酯（TEP）和磷酸三（2-乙基己基）酯（TEHP）存在负去除现象，对其它OPEs的去除率在14.1%~84.9%之间，污水处理厂对总ΣOPEs去除率为50.0%.污水处理厂出水中磷酸三苯酯（TPhP）存在中等风险（RQ>0.10），其他有机磷酸酯的环境风险较低（RQ<0.10），但其长期混合作用对受纳河流生态系统产生的生态危害不容忽视. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are ubiquitous in the environment and pose a potential threat to ecosystems and human health. A method for the determination of eight OPEs by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer (UPLC-MS/MS) was established. The recovery rates of eight target compounds with different solid-phase extraction columns, different eluents, and different eluent volumes were compared. The results showed that using ENVI-18 column enrichment, OPEs were eluted with 8 mL acetonitrile containing 25% (volume fraction) dichloromethane, and the labeled recovery rate of the target compound was 92.5%-102.2%. The recoveries of different matrix samples were 88.5%-116.1% and relative standard deviation was 1.7%-9.9%. The concentration range of 8 different detectable organophosphate esters in the effluent of sewage treatment plant is 85.9-235.4 ng·L-1 during the six-day sampling process, permissive river downstream of the six-day ΣOPEs average total concentration was 130.3 ng·L-1, higher than the 119.4 ng·L-1 upstream water concentration, but lower than the sewage treatment plant effluent concentration of total 162.5ng·L-1. The study shows that the sewage treatment plant cannot completely remove OPEs; for triethyl phosphate (TEP) and 3 (2-ethyl hexyl) phosphate ester (TEHP) there exists a negative removal phenomenon, whereas for other OPEs the removal rate was between 14.1% and 84.9%, and the total ΣOPEs removal rate by the sewage plant was 50.0%. The TPhP in the effluent of the sewage treatment plant has medium environmental risk (RQ>0.1), and other organophosphates have low environmental risk (RQ<0.1); however, the long-term mixing effects of organophosphate esters on the ecosystem of the receiving river should not be ignored. |
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