| 浙江省H市供水系统消毒副产物及其健康风险评价 |
| 摘要点击 1454 全文点击 554 投稿时间：2019-07-09 修订日期：2019-07-22 |
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| 中文关键词 饮用水 消毒副产物(DBPs) 前体物 相关性分析 健康风险 |
| 英文关键词 drinking water disinfection by-products(DBPs) precursors correlation analysis health risks |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 以浙江省H市供水系统为调查对象，采用配有电子捕获器的气相色谱（GC-ECD）检测2座水厂及相应供水管网中18种消毒副产物（DBPs）的含量，深入探讨了DBPs导致的饮用水健康风险及前体物指标与各类DBPs的相关性.结果发现H市饮用水中检出三卤甲烷（THMs）、卤乙酸（HAAs）、卤乙腈（HANs）和三氯硝基甲烷（HNMs）等类消毒副产物，THMs含量最高，HAAs次之.CX水厂出水和供水管网中THMs分别为7.70~32.73μg·L-1和9.00~51.42μg·L-1，HAAs分别为3.05~21.30μg·L-1和6.00~26.79μg·L-1.TH水厂出水和供水管网中THMs分别为8.65~38.76μg·L-1和12.09~42.04μg·L-1，HAAs分别为2.42~14.79μg·L-1和2.80~33.40μg·L-1，2家水厂出厂水和供水管网中消毒副产物浓度均符合《生活饮用水卫生标准》（GB 5749-2006）.采用溶解性有机碳（DOC）和UV254表征水样有机物，分析有机物与DBPs的相关性，发现管网水中三氯甲烷（TCM）与DOC和UV254呈显著负相关性.基于EPA推荐的健康风险评价模型对经口摄取途径时氯消毒副产物的致癌和非致癌风险进行计算，发现H市出厂水和管网水中消毒副产物引起的致癌风险分别为5.94×10-6~4.76×10-5和5.94×10-6~5.56×10-5，非致癌风险分别为0.91×10-2~4.20×10-2和1.26×10-2~4.72×10-2.致癌风险主要来自THMs，一溴二氯甲烷（BDCM）贡献了最高的致癌风险，非致癌风险主要来自TCM. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The occurrence of 18 types of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in two waterworks and the corresponding water supply networks of H City in Zhejiang Province was determined by gas chromatography coupled with electron capture detector (GC-ECD). The correlation between DBPs and organic precursors, and health risks caused by DBPs, were discussed. Results showed that the disinfection by-products detected in drinking water in H City mainly include trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acid (HAAs), haloacetonitrile (HANs) and trichloronitromethane (HNMs), with highest concentrations of THMs followed by HAAs. In the finish water of CX Waterworks and tap water supplied by CX Water works, concentrations of THMs ranged from 7.70 to 32.73μg·L-1and 9.00 to 51.42μg·L-1, respectively, and those of HAAs 3.05 to 21.30μg·L-1 and 6.00 to 26.79μg·L-1, respectively. The THMs in finished water and tap water of TH Waterworks were in the range 8.65-38.76μg·L-1 and 12.09-42.04μg·L-1, respectively, and those of HAAs were 2.42-14.79μg·L-1 and 2.80-33.40μg·L-1, respectively. The DBPs in the finished and tap water of the two waterworks were at lower levels than the limitations regulated by the Sanitary Standard for Drinking Water (GB 5749-2006). The index of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and UV254 were adopted to describe the organic compounds, and it was found that trichloromethane (TCM) was significantly negatively correlated with DOC and UV254in tap water. Based on the EPA recommended health risk assessment model, the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of chlorine disinfection by-products in the oral intake route were calculated. It was found that the carcinogenic risks caused by the disinfection by-products in the finished water and tap water of H City were 5.94×10-6-4.76×10-5 and 5.94×10-6-5.56×10-5, respectively, while the non-carcinogenic risks were 0.91×10-2-4.20×10-2 and 1.26×10-2-4.72×10-2, respectively. The carcinogenic risk is mainly from THMs:bromodichloromethane (BDCM) contributes the highest cancer risk, and the non-carcinogenic risk is mainly from TCM. |
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