| 黄淮海地区鸡粪有机肥重金属含量特征及环境风险 |
| 摘要点击 1889 全文点击 773 投稿时间：2017-11-16 修订日期：2018-03-09 |
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| 中文关键词 重金属 鸡粪有机肥 形态 毒性浸提(TCLP) 环境风险 |
| 英文关键词 heavy metals chicken organic manure fraction toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) environmental risk assessment |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 李发 | 东北农业大学资源与环境学院, 哈尔滨 150030
农业部环境保护科研监测所, 农业部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | 1304130984@qq.com | | 徐应明 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所, 农业部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 王林 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所, 农业部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 梁学峰 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所, 农业部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 孙约兵 | 农业部环境保护科研监测所, 农业部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | sunyuebing@aepi.org.cn | | 纪艺凝 | 东北农业大学资源与环境学院, 哈尔滨 150030
农业部环境保护科研监测所, 农业部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | | | 栾润宇 | 东北农业大学资源与环境学院, 哈尔滨 150030
农业部环境保护科研监测所, 农业部产地环境污染防控重点实验室/天津市农业环境与农产品安全重点实验室, 天津 300191 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 本文调查黄淮海地区5省2市120种商品鸡粪有机肥样品，分析测定有机肥中Cu、Cd、Pb、Zn和As含量、形态分布以及浸提毒性.结果表明，有机肥中重金属含量差异较大，表现为Zn > Cu > Pb > As > Cd，与有机肥行业标准相比，Cd、As、Pb存在超标现象，分别为6.7%、47.05%和14.28%，不同省市间重金属含量差异明显.有机肥中Cd、Zn主要以铁锰结合态存在，分别占37.3%和43.79%（质量分数），而残渣态Pb、有机结合态Cu，交换态As比例较高.有机肥中TCLP-Zn、-Cu、-Cd、-Pb和-As含量分别为41.11、3.33、0.07、1.25和0.21 mg·kg-1，有机肥中Zn和Pb含量超标数为6和5个，分布在河北省和江苏省.有机肥中Zn、Cu、Cd和As总量与TCLP提取态含量存在显著相关性（P <0.05）.按鸡粪有机肥年施肥量15 t·hm-2推算鸡粪有机肥安全使用年限：河南 > 天津 > 安徽 = 山东 = 江苏 > 河北 > 北京. |
| 英文摘要 |
| One hundred and twenty types of chicken manure organic fertilizer samples were collected from five provinces and two cities in the Huang-Huai-Hai region, to investigate heavy metal content, fractionation, and environmental risk through toxicity characteristic leaching procedures. Results showed that content of heavy metals in chicken manure organic fertilizer varied greatly, in the order of Zn > Cu > Pb > As > Cd. When compared with the standard for organic manure, ratios of Cd, As, and Pb exceeded the standard by 6.7%, 47.05%, and 14.28%, respectively. Moreover, the content of heavy metals varied significantly in different provinces. Cd and Zn in organic manure fertilizers were mainly Fe and Mn oxide-bound fractions, accounting for 37.3% and 43.79%, respectively. However, the proportion of residual fractions of Pb, organically-bound fractions of Cu, and exchangeable forms of As were higher. Contents of TCLP-Zn,-Cu,-Cd,-Pb and-As in organic manure were 41.11, 33.3, 0.07, 1.25, and 0.21 mg·kg-1, respectively. The number of samples in which Zn and Pb in organic manure exceeded the standard was 6 and 5, respectively, with these mainly obtained from Hebei and Jiangsu provinces. There was a significant correlation between total content of Zn, Cu, Cd, and As in organic manure and content of TCLP (P<0.05). Based on an annual manure application rate of chicken manure of 15 t·hm-2, safe application of chicken manure is in the order of Henan > Tianjin > Anhui=Shandong=Jiangsu > Hebei > Beijin. |
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