| 城市道路行道树树池裸地扬尘排放特征 |
| 摘要点击 2509 全文点击 827 投稿时间：2017-08-14 修订日期：2017-08-31 |
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| 中文关键词 行道树树池 便携式风洞 风蚀扬尘 排放特征 |
| 英文关键词 roadside-tree pool PI-SWERL wind erosion dust emission characteristics |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 李贝贝 | 首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院, 北京 100048
北京市环境保护科学研究院, 国家城市环境污染控制工程技术研究中心, 北京 100037 | Leebeibei0404@163.com | | 秦建平 | 北京市环境保护科学研究院, 国家城市环境污染控制工程技术研究中心, 北京 100037 | | | 祁丽荣 | 北京生产力促进中心, 北京 100088 | | | 杨涛 | 北京市环境保护科学研究院, 国家城市环境污染控制工程技术研究中心, 北京 100037 | | | 曲松 | 北京市环境保护科学研究院, 国家城市环境污染控制工程技术研究中心, 北京 100037 | | | 石爱军 | 北京市环境保护科学研究院, 国家城市环境污染控制工程技术研究中心, 北京 100037 | | | 黄玉虎 | 北京市环境保护科学研究院, 国家城市环境污染控制工程技术研究中心, 北京 100037 | huangyuhu@sina.com |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 本研究以北京市西城区为例，研究城市道路行道树树池裸地（以下简称树池裸地）扬尘排放特征.利用GIS技术获取西城区分道路类型里程空间分布，对展览路街道树池裸地进行全口径调查，得到西城区道路树池裸地活动水平，采用便携式风洞（PI-SWERL）实测各种道路树池裸地扬尘PM2.5排放因子，估算西城区2016年树池裸地扬尘排放清单.结果表明：①快速路辅路、主干路、次干路和街坊路单位面积树池裸地扬尘PM2.5年排放因子分别为47.9、7.9、14.9和29.9 g ·（m2 ·a）-1，2016年降水过程对树池裸地PM2.5排放因子的削减率为30.3%；②快速路辅路、主干路、次干路、支路和街坊路单位里程树池裸地扬尘PM2.5年排放因子分别为2.57、2.33、4.04、7.31和5.44kg ·（km ·a）-1，支路是街坊路、次干路、快速路辅路和主干路的1.3、1.8、2.8和3.1倍，以次干路为例，冬季排放因子分别是春夏秋季的1.3、7.3和8.7倍；③北京市西城区树池裸地全年PM2.5排放量为1.60 t ·a-1，排放清单的不确定性范围为-143%~184%，冬季排放量为0.68 t ·a-1，分别是春夏秋季的1.1、4.2和5.1倍，快速路辅路、主干路、次干路、支路和街坊路占总排放量的5.6%、8.7%、23.2%、4.1%和58.4%.建议尽快对全市树池裸地采取不影响树木生长的覆盖措施，减少风蚀扬尘排放. |
| 英文摘要 |
| This study characterized the wind erosion dust emissions from topsoil of urban roadside-tree pool. The study area is the Xicheng District of Beijing and uses GIS to obtain the spatial distribution of various road mileages. A full bore investigation method was carried out to survey tree pool in the Zhanlanlu Subdistrict to obtain the activity level of tree pool in the Xicheng district. The portable in situ wind erosion laboratory (PI-SWERL) was used to determine the emission factors of PM2.5 from the wind erosion dust from tree pool and to estimate the PM2.5 emission inventory of tree pool in the Xicheng District in 2016. The results showed that:①The annual emission factors per unit area of PM2.5 from tree pool of freeways' frontage roads, major roads, minor roads, and alleys are 47.9, 7.9, 14.9, and 29.9 g·(m2·a)-1, respectively. The reduction rate of PM2.5 emission factors from tree pool by precipitation was about 30.3% in 2016. ②The annual emission factors per unit mileage of PM2.5 from the tree pool of freeways' frontage roads, major roads, minor roads, branch roads, and alleys are 2.57, 2.33, 4.04, 7.31, and 5.44 kg·(km·a)-1, respectively, and the factors for branch roads are 1.3, 1.8, 2.8, and 3.1 times as much as those for alleys, minor roads, freeways' frontage roads, and major roads, respectively. Taking the emission factor for minor roads as an example, the winter emission factor is 1.3, 7.3, and 8.7 times greater than that in the spring, summer, and autumn, respectively. ③PM2.5 emissions from the tree pool in the Xicheng District of Beijing are 1.60 t·a-1, and the uncertainty range of the emission inventory is -143%~184%. The emissions in winter are 0.68 t·a-1, which are 1.1, 1.42, and 5.1 times greater than that in the spring, summer, and fall, respectively. The emission values for freeways' frontage roads, major roads, minor roads, collectors, and alleys account for 5.6%, 8.7%, 23.2%, 4.1%, and 58.4% of the total emissions, respectively. It is recommended that the urban roadside-tree pool be covered to reduce wind erosion dust emissions with materials that do not affect the growth of trees as soon as possible. |
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