| 沈北新区土壤中多环芳烃污染特征及源解析 |
| 摘要点击 2775 全文点击 761 投稿时间：2017-04-06 修订日期：2017-09-04 |
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| 中文关键词 沈北新区 土壤 多环芳烃 空间分布 源解析 |
| 英文关键词 Shenyang North New Area soil PAHs spatial distribution source apportionment |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 采用均匀网格布点法采集沈阳市沈北新区不同土地利用类型101个表层（0~20 cm）土壤样品，开展土壤中美国环保署优先控制的16种多环芳烃（PAHs）的含量空间分布特征、成分谱分析和污染物来源解析研究.结果表明，沈北新区土壤中16种PAHs（ΣPAHs）总含量为123.7~932.5 μg·kg-1；PAHs组分以3~4环的中、低环组分为主，其中3环PAHs比例最高；ΣPAHs的空间分布特征明显，呈现出由南向北、自东向西逐渐递减的趋势.在研究区域所涉及的5种土地利用类型土壤中，土壤ΣPAHs含量的高值主要集中在城区绿地和人工绿化林地，其次为设施菜地，水稻田和玉米田中ΣPAHs含量相对较低且无明显空间分布差异.利用特征比值分析和因子分析/多元线性回归分析进行土壤中PAHs的污染源解析，初步确定沈北新区表土中PAHs的主要污染源为燃烧源和石油源的混合源，其中，工业燃煤和机动车尾气是PAHs的主要污染源，其贡献率达79.6%，石油泄漏和焦炉排放贡献率约为16.2%，生物质燃料的燃烧贡献率占4.2%. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Topsoil (0-20 cm) samples (n=101) in 5 different land use types in Shenyang North New Area (SNNA), Shenyang, China were collected using the uniform grid layout method to investigate the spatial distribution characteristics, composition spectrum, and source analysis of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) listed as priority pollutants by the Environmental Protection Agency of the United States. Results showed that the total concentration of the 16 PAHs (ΣPAHs) in soils of SNNA ranged from 123.7 μg·kg-1 to 932.5 μg·kg-1. The PAH components were mainly dominated by 3-ring and 4-ring PAHs, of which the proportion of 3-ring PAHs was the highest. The spatial distribution of the ΣPAHs concentration was obvious, showing a decreasing tendency from south to north and from east to west. In the five soil types, the average concentrations of the ΣPAHs were relatively higher in the urban green space and the artificial forest, followed by the vegetable land, while the total PAH concentrations in paddy fields and corn fields were relatively lower and had no obvious spatial distribution differences. Source apportionment results studied using characteristic ratio analysis and factor analysis/multivariate linear regression showed that the main sources of PAHs in the topsoil of SNNA were mixed sources. Industrial coal combustion and motor vehicle exhaust were the main PAH contributors, with a combined contribution rate of 79.6%. The oil spill and coke oven contribution rate was about 16.2%, and the biomass fuel combustion was about 4.2%. |
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