| 不同有机肥中磷在土壤剖面中累积迁移特征与有效性差异 |
| 摘要点击 1669 全文点击 599 投稿时间：2017-05-04 修订日期：2017-06-14 |
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| 中文关键词 有机肥 磷 土壤剖面 迁移 累积 |
| 英文关键词 organic fertilizer phosphorus soil profile transfer accumulation |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为明确连续施用不同有机肥后土壤剖面中磷的分布规律和迁移特征，探讨不同有机肥磷投入下农田磷负荷.通过4 a连续田间定位试验，定量化研究连续施用不同有机肥后土壤剖面中磷的累积迁移特征与有效性差异.结果表明：1连续4 a施用不同有机肥后，肥料中磷主要积累在0~15 cm表层土壤，土壤全磷、速效磷含量均随土壤深度增加逐渐降低；连续4 a施用高量有机肥后，其带入的磷可明显迁移到15~30 cm土层，施用高量猪粪速效磷可迁移到60~90 cm土层.2连续4 a施用不同有机肥后，土壤表层中速效磷占全磷比例增加，且高用量与低用量之间差异显著.土壤剖面中速效磷占全磷比例的大小顺序为：猪粪处理 > 鸡粪处理 > 污泥处理 > 磷肥处理.3施用鸡粪、猪粪、污泥和磷肥后土壤表层中速效磷含量随磷投入量增加呈先增加后平缓的规律.4本试验条件下，不同有机肥相同磷投入下对表层土壤速效磷贡献存在较大差异，表现为：猪粪 > 鸡粪 > 污泥.猪粪带入磷的生物有效性和移动性明显高于鸡粪、污泥和磷肥. |
| 英文摘要 |
| This study clarifies the distribution and migration characteristics of phosphorus in the soil profile and discusses the phosphorus load of farmland after continuous application of different organic fertilizers. The distribution and migration characteristics of phosphorus in soil profiles were studied through a field experiment lasting four consecutive years. The results showed that total phosphorus and Olsen-P are mainly accumulated in the soil surface, and their contents decrease with the deepening of soil depth after the continuous application of different fertilizers. With a four-year application of higher levels of organic fertilizer, the total phosphorus was found to migrate into the 15-30 cm soil layer. Olsen-P was found to migrate into the 60-90 cm soil layer under higher levels of pig manure. The ratio of available phosphorus to total phosphorus in the soil surface increased, and there were significant differences after the application of different amounts of organic fertilizers. The amount of Olsen-P as a proportion of total phosphorus in the soil profile decreased as pig manure treatment > chicken manure treatment > sludge treatment > phosphate fertilizer treatment. After the application of chicken manure, pig manure, sludge, and phosphate fertilizer, the value of Olsen-P in the soil surface increased with an increase in phosphorus input and then remained stable. When applying the same phosphorus onto the soil, the contribution of different organic fertilizers to Olsen-P in the surface soil was quite different. The bioavailability and mobility of phosphorus from pig manure was significantly higher than that of chicken manure, sludge, and phosphate fertilizer. |
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