| 丛枝菌根真菌对铈污染土壤上玉米生长和铈吸收的影响 |
| 摘要点击 2540 全文点击 1260 投稿时间：2015-07-11 修订日期：2015-08-28 |
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| 中文关键词 丛枝菌根真菌 铈污染土壤 玉米 生长 铈吸收 |
| 英文关键词 arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Ce-contaminated soils maize plant growth Ce uptake |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 采用温室盆栽试验的方法,模拟不同程度的铈(Ce)污染土壤(100、500、1000 mg ·kg-1),研究接种丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhizal,AM)真菌Glomus aggregatum(GA)和Funneliformis mosseae(FM)对玉米(Zea mays L.)菌根侵染率、生物量、营养元素吸收、C :N :P生态化学计量比和稀土元素Ce吸收、转运的影响,旨在为稀土污染土壤的治理提供基础数据和技术支持. 结果表明,GA和FM均与玉米成功建立了互惠共生关系,平均菌根侵染率为7.12%~74.47%; 随着土壤Ce污染程度的增加,玉米菌根侵染率、地上部和根部的生物量、营养元素N、P、K的吸收量以及Ce从根到叶的转运率 均显著降低,而玉米植株的C :P和N :P、地上部和根部Ce含量显著升高. 接种AM真菌不同程度地促进了玉米的生长,在重度Ce污染土壤接种FM对玉米生长的促进作用显著高于GA,而在轻度和中度Ce污染土壤二者之间无显著性差异; 接种显著改善了玉米的营养状况,一定程度上显著降低了玉米植株的C :N :P,在轻度和中度Ce污染土壤GA对营养元素吸收的促进作用要显著高于FM,而在重度Ce污染土壤则反之; 接种也显著增加了轻度Ce污染土壤玉米地上部和根部Ce含量,而对中度和重度Ce污染土壤上玉米Ce的吸收无显著影响,促进了Ce从根部到地上部分的转运. 试验初步证明,AM真菌能够减轻稀土元素Ce对植物的毒害作用,在稀土污染土壤的植物修复中具有潜在的应用价值. |
| 英文摘要 |
| A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi Glomus aggregatum (GA) and Funneliformis mosseae (FM) on AM colonization rate, biomass, nutrient uptake, C :N :P stoichiometric and Ce uptake and transport by maize (Zea mays L.) grown in soils with different levels of Ce-contaminated (100, 500 and 1000 mg ·kg-1). The aim was to provide basic data and technical support for the treatment of soils contaminated by rare earth elements. The results indicated that symbiotic associations were successfully established between the two isolates and maize, and the average AM colonization rate ranged from 7.12% to 74.47%. The increasing concentration of Ce in soils significantly decreased the mycorrhizal colonization rate, biomass, nutrition contents and transport rate of Ce from root to shoot of maize, and significantly increased C :P and N :P ratios and Ce contents in shoot and root of maize. Both AM fungi inoculations promoted the growth of maize, but the promoting role of FM was more significant than that of GA in severe Ce-contaminated soils. There were no significant differences in the growth of maize between two AM fungi in mild and moderate Ce-contaminated soils. Inoculation with AM fungi significantly improved nutritional status of maize by increasing nutrient uptake and decreasing C :N :P ratios. GA was more efficient than FM in enhancing nutrient uptake in mild and moderate Ce-contaminated soils, while FM was more efficient in severe Ce-contaminated soils. Moreover, inoculation with AM fungi significantly increased Ce contents of shoot and root in mild Ce-contaminated soils, but had no significant effect on Ce contents of maize in moderate and severe Ce-contaminated soils, and promoted the transport of Ce from root to shoot. The experiment demonstrates that AM fungi can alleviate toxic effects of Ce on plants and have a potential role in the phytoremediation of soils contaminated by rare earth elements. |
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