| 重庆金佛山降雪中飞灰单颗粒特征及来源解析 |
| 摘要点击 1433 全文点击 983 投稿时间：2015-05-11 修订日期：2015-07-03 |
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| 中文关键词 降雪 飞灰 单颗粒 人类活动 SEM-EDS 金佛山 |
| 英文关键词 snowfall fly ash single particle human activity SEM-EDS Jinfo Mountain |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 于正良 | 西南大学地理科学学院, 重庆 400715
国土资源部岩溶生态环境-重庆南川野外基地, 重庆 408435 | yzlgxp@swu.edu.cn | | 杨平恒 | 西南大学地理科学学院, 重庆 400715
国土资源部岩溶生态环境-重庆南川野外基地, 重庆 408435 | balance@swu.edu.cn | | 景伟力 | 四川师范大学地理与资源科学学院, 成都 610068 | | | 袁道先 | 西南大学地理科学学院, 重庆 400715
国土资源部岩溶生态环境-重庆南川野外基地, 重庆 408435 | | | 任坤 | 西南大学地理科学学院, 重庆 400715
国土资源部岩溶生态环境-重庆南川野外基地, 重庆 408435 | | | 李林立 | 西南大学地理科学学院, 重庆 400715
国土资源部岩溶生态环境-重庆南川野外基地, 重庆 408435 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 大气降雪能够保存大气环境信息,是研究区域环境的良好介质. 位于渝黔交接带的金佛山海拔2251.1 m,冬季降水以降雪的形式出现,周边区域人类活动强烈. 关于该区域大气气溶胶中的飞灰单颗粒特征的研究比较缺乏. 本研究采集了金佛山5个降雪样品,运用扫描电镜及X能谱分析联用系统(SEM-EDS)对样品中的132个飞灰进行单颗粒形貌、化学组成分析. 结果表明,研究区降雪中存在大量球形飞灰,包含光滑颗粒、粗糙颗粒及聚合体颗粒3种形态,分别占统计颗粒的80.31%、14.39%和5.30%; 平均粒径1.64 μm,平均环度1.09. 按主导化学元素分为富硅类、富碳类、富铁类、富铝类及富钛类5种,所占比例分别为34.09%、49.24%、12.88%、2.27%和1.52%. 结合气象资料、气团后向运移轨迹和飞灰性质,推测富碳类飞灰可能主要来自于生活排放源和工业活动; 富硅类飞灰可能来自于渝西、黔北、湘中、浙赣一带及粤西的火力发电厂等高温燃煤工业; 富铁类及富钛类飞灰则可能来源于渝西和黔北、湘中的钢铁厂、轧钢厂等金属冶炼活动. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Snow can preserve the atmospheric information, which makes it become a good media in studying regional environment. Jinfo Mountain with an elevation of 2251.1 m, located at the transition zone between Sichuan basin and Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, is deeply affected by human activities, and snowfall is the main form of precipitation during the winter. While the literature focus on single spherical particles in this area is uncommon. Five snow samples were collected, and determined morphology and chemical composition of 132 single spherical particles by the scanning electron microscope couples with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM-EDS). Results show that snowfall in Jinfo Mountain includes the massive fly ash particles with 1.64 μm in average diameter and 1.09 in average roundness which contains smooth particles, rough particles and soot particles, accounting for 80.31%, 14.39% and 5.30% of statistical particles respectively. Furthermore, on the basis of chemical information obtained from EDS, the fly ash particles counted in this research can be classified into 5 types, namely, Si-dominant particles, C-dominant particles, Fe-dominant particles, Al-dominant particles and Ti-dominant particles, which make up 34.09%, 49.24%, 12.88%, 2.27% and 1.52% respectively. In conclusion, it can be inferred, based on the analysis of meteorological information, the properties of fly ash particles, and backward air mass trajectory and dispersion analysis, that C-dominant fly ash mainly comes from daily life and industry activities, Si-dominant fly ash particles may originate from the plant industry located in west Chingqing, north of Guizhou province, central of Hunan province, Zhejiang province, Jiangxi province and the west of Guangdong province, while the activities of foundry and iron or steel plants in the west of Chongqing, the north of Guizhou province and the central of Hunan province may be the main sources of Fe-dominant fly ash particles in our samples. |
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