| 城市分散式粪便颗粒化有机肥用作叶菜肥的肥力及环境影响 |
| 摘要点击 1431 全文点击 819 投稿时间：2015-01-20 修订日期：2015-04-01 |
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| 中文关键词 分散粪便 颗粒肥 土壤改良 重金属 淋溶水 |
| 英文关键词 scattered human feces granular fertilizer soil improvement heavy metals leaching water |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 城市分散式粪便的处理已经成为现代化城市管理的一个难题. 本研究在将城市分散式粪便经收集、除渣、絮凝脱水后制成颗粒肥; 通过盆栽小青菜试验,评价了不同施肥量对小青菜的增产效果以及对土壤、淋溶水性质的影响,探讨了颗粒肥用于叶菜施肥的可行性. 结果表明,施用颗粒肥可显著提高小青菜产量,试验条件下未对小青菜叶片造成大肠杆菌、大肠菌群等病原菌污染; 在适当比例的施肥水平下,颗粒肥施用后淋溶水中的病原菌浓度低于对照组. 施用颗粒肥能显著提高土壤氮、磷、钾、有机质等营养物质含量,提高土壤孔隙度水平,降低土壤容重,改善土壤理化性质; 同时颗粒肥施用不会对土壤和淋溶水造成重金属离子污染,且能有效降低土壤氮、钾的淋溶. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The disposal of urban scattered human feces has become a difficult problem for the management of modern city. In present study, the scattered human feces underwent the collection, scum removal, flocculation and dehydration, finally became the granular fertilizer; the effects of the ratio of fertilizer to soil on the growth of the pakchoi and the quality of soil and leaching water were evaluated, and the feasibility of granular fertilizer manuring the pakchoi was discussed by pot experiments. The results showed that the granular fertilizer significantly enhanced the production of the pakchoi which were not polluted by the intestinal microorganisms under the experiment conditions; meanwhile, at the proper ratio of fertilizer to soil, the concentration of these microorganisms in the leaching water was lower than that in the control check. Chemical analyses of soil revealed that the nutrient content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matters in soil became much richer in all treatments. In addition, the granular fertilizer improved the physical-chemical properties of soil, including raising the level of soil porosity and reducing the volume weight of soil. Application of granular fertilizer won't pollute the soil or leaching water; instead, it can also prevent nitrogen, potassium and intestinal microorganisms from leaching into ground water at the proper ratio of granular fertilizer to soil. |
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