| 农村污水膜生物反应器系统中微生物群落解析 |
| 摘要点击 5888 全文点击 1039 投稿时间：2015-01-09 修订日期：2015-04-15 |
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| 中文关键词 农村污水 病原菌 T-RFLP 16S rDNA基因克隆文库 荧光定量PCR |
| 英文关键词 rural sewage pathogenic bacteria T-RFLP 16S rDNA gene clone library real-time quantitative PCR |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 孔晓 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 中国科学院环境生物技术重点实验室, 北京 100085
青岛科技大学环境与安全工程学院, 青岛 266042 | kongxiaozaikeda@163.com | | 崔丙健 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 中国科学院环境生物技术重点实验室, 北京 100085
中国科学院大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100049 | | | 金德才 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 中国科学院环境生物技术重点实验室, 北京 100085 | dcjin@rcees.ac.cn | | 吴尚华 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 中国科学院环境生物技术重点实验室, 北京 100085 | | | 杨波 | 青岛科技大学环境与安全工程学院, 青岛 266042 | | | 邓晔 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 中国科学院环境生物技术重点实验室, 北京 100085 | yedeng@rcees.ac.cn | | 庄国强 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 中国科学院环境生物技术重点实验室, 北京 100085 | | | 庄绪亮 | 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 中国科学院环境生物技术重点实验室, 北京 100085 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 农村污水的随意排放和未加限制的灌溉回用可能会导致水源地环境污染加剧,并且其中潜在的病原微生物对周边淡水资源安全和农村居民的身心健康造成潜在的威胁. 为了解农村污水的微生物群落组成,为后续污水灌溉的病原微生物风险评价提供理论依据,采用末端限制性片段长度多态性(T-RFLP)和16S rDNA基因克隆文库技术研究农村污水膜生物反应器(MBR)系统中的微生物群落多样性,并结合实时荧光定量PCR方法监测处理前后典型病原菌——弓形菌(Arcobacter spp.)以及总细菌数量的变化. 从未处理的农村污水中获取的73个阳性克隆测序结果表明,其主要细菌类群为变形菌门(91.8%)、厚壁菌门(2.70%)、拟杆菌门(1.40%),以及部分不可培养细菌(4.10%). 其中弓形菌属是ε-变形菌门的优势菌,也是农村污水中的优势菌株,占克隆总数的68.5%. T-RFLP的结果表明,不同处理工艺阶段的主要细菌类群及丰度明显不同,调节池的物种丰度(S)、Shannon-Wiener(H)和物种均匀度(E)最高,分别为43.0、3.56和0.95. 定量PCR结果显示未处理的农村污水中弓形菌数量高达(1.09±0.0640)×1011 copies ·L-1,该结果与克隆文库结果均表明弓形菌在污水中确实占较高比例. 与未处理的农村污水相比,处理后的出水中所监测的弓形菌及细菌总拷贝数分别减少了2~3个数量级,说明MBR处理系统在一定程度上能够去除微生物. 处理后的再生水理化指标及指示菌卫生指标均符合农田灌溉用水标准,但其中残留病原微生物引发的健康风险仍需进一步评价. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Uncontrolled release and arbitrary irrigation reuse of rural wastewater may lead to water pollution, and the microbial pathogens could threaten the safety of freshwater resources and public health. To understand the microbial community structure of rural wastewater and provide the theory for microbial risk assessment of wastewater irrigation, microbial community diversities in the Membrane Bio-Reactor (MBR) process for rural wastewater treatment was studied by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) and 16S rDNA gene clone library. Meanwhile, changes of Arcobacter spp. and total bacteria before and after treatment were detected through real-time quantitative PCR. The clone library results showed that there were 73 positive clones included Proteobacteria (91.80%), Firmicutes (2.70%), Bacteroidetes (1.40%), and uncultured bacteria (4.10%) in the untreated wastewater. The typical pathogenic genus Arcobacter belonging to ε-Proteobacteria was the dominant component of the library, accounting for 68.5% of all clones. The main groups and their abundance in different treatments were significantly distinct. The highest values of species abundance (S), Shannon-Wiener (H) and Evenness (E) were observed in the adjusting tank, which were 43.0, 3.56 and 0.95, respectively. The real-time quantitative PCR results showed that the copy number of Arcobacter spp. was (1.09±0.0640)×1011 copies ·L-1 in the untreated sewage, which was consistent with the result of 16S rDNA gene clone library. Compared to untreated wastewater, bacterial copy number in the treated effluent decreased 100 to 1000 times, respectively, suggesting that MBR treatment system could remove the microbial quantity in such scale. In the recycled water, the physicochemical parameters and indicator bacteria met the water quality standard of farmland irrigation. However, further research is needed to estimate the potential health risks caused by residual pathogenic microorganisms in future. |
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