| 北京市典型餐饮企业油烟中醛酮类化合物污染特征 |
| 摘要点击 3487 全文点击 1406 投稿时间：2015-02-12 修订日期：2015-03-16 |
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| 中文关键词 醛酮类化合物 油烟 餐饮企业 2,4-二硝基苯肼 超高效液相色谱 |
| 英文关键词 aldehydes and ketones compounds exhaust of restaurant restaurants DNPH UPLC |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 醛酮类化合物作为餐饮油烟的组成物质之一,是挥发性有机物(volatile organic compounds, VOCs)中化学反应活性较强的一类物质. 但目前国内还没有针对餐饮源醛酮类化合物的排放特征进行较为系统的研究. 为进一步明确餐饮源醛酮类化合物排放水平和控制现状,获取城市群餐饮源VOCs排放控制决策依据,本研究选取北京市8家不同类型的餐饮企业,采用涂布2,4-二硝基苯肼(DNPH)的硅胶采样管进行油烟样品采集,用超高效液相色谱(UPLC)对油烟样品中的醛酮类化合物进行测定. 结果表明按基准风量折算后,8家餐饮企业排放的油烟中醛酮类化合物浓度高低依次是:烤鸭 > 中式烧烤 > 家常菜 > 西式快餐 > 学校食堂 > 中式快餐 > 川菜 > 淮扬菜. 餐饮企业油烟中醛酮类化合物(C1~C9)浓度水平范围为115.47~1035.99 μg·m-3. 不同类型餐饮企业油烟中醛酮类化合物组分构成存在较为明显的差异,中式餐饮企业醛酮类化合物C1~C3物质所占比例均在40%以上. 快餐类餐饮企业醛酮类化合物C4~C9所占比例明显高于其他类型餐饮企业. 从醛酮类化合物控制现状来看,北京市目前主流高压静电式油烟净化器对醛酮类化合物的去除效果十分有限. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Aldehydes and ketones compounds, as one of the components in the exhaust of restaurants, are a class of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)with strong chemical reactivity. However, there is no systematic study on aldehydes and ketones compounds in the exhaust of restaurants. To further clarify the food source emission levels of aldehydes and ketones compounds and controlling measures, to access city group catering VOCs emissions control decision-making basis, this study selected 8 Beijing restaurants with different types. The aldehydes and ketones compounds were sampled using DNPH-silica tube, and then ultra performance liquid chromatography was used for quantitative measurement. The aldehydes and ketones concentrations of reference volume condition from 8 restaurants in descending order were Roasted Duck restaurant, Chinese Style Barbecue, Home Dishes, Western Fast-food, School Canteen, Chinese Style Fast-food, Sichuan Cuisine, Huaiyang Cuisine. The results showed that the range of aldehydes and ketones compounds (C1-C9) concentrations of reference volume condition in the exhaust of restaurants was 115.47-1035.99 μg·m-3. The composition of aldehydes and ketones compounds in the exhaust of sampled restaurants was obviously different. The percentages of C1-C3 were above 40% in the exhaust from Chinese style restaurants. Fast food might emit more C4-C9 aldehydes and ketones compounds. From the current situation of existing aldehydes and ketones compounds control, the removal efficiency of high voltage electrostatic purifiers widely used in Beijing is limited. |
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