| 南方红壤区氮湿沉降特征及其对流域氮输出的影响 |
| 摘要点击 5129 全文点击 3814 投稿时间：2014-10-10 修订日期：2014-12-12 |
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| 中文关键词 千烟洲 流域 氮湿沉降 降雨径流 氮负荷 |
| 英文关键词 Qianyanzhou watershed nitrogen wet deposition rainfall-runoff N loss load |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 郝卓 | 西南大学资源环境学院, 重庆 400716
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 生态网络观测与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101 | hzhfut@163.com | | 高扬 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 生态网络观测与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101 | gaoyang@igsnrr.ac.cn | | 张进忠 | 西南大学资源环境学院, 重庆 400716 | jzhzhang@swu.edu.cn | | 徐亚娟 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 生态网络观测与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101
中南林业科技大学林学院, 长沙 410000 | | | 于贵瑞 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 生态网络观测与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 本研究通过对江西千烟洲香溪流域雨季氮湿沉降及径流过程进行监测,分析降雨及径流过程的各形态氮浓度变化,探讨南方红壤区氮湿沉降特征及其对流域氮输出的影响. 结果表明:1 2014年雨季(3~6月)共27场降雨,产生的氮湿沉降负荷达43.64~630.59 kg,氮沉降通量为0.44~6.43 kg ·hm-2,呈现出极大的季节变异性; 2 对其中3场降雨过程进行动态分析发现,当降雨量为8~14 mm时,流域氮沉降负荷达18.03~41.16 kg,而该地区氮湿沉降通量为0.18~0.42 kg ·hm-2. 其中3场次降雨事件导致流域水体的总径流量为4189.38 m3,TN总流失负荷16.72 kg,输出通量为4.64kg ·hm-2; DTN总流失负荷为9.64 kg,输出通量为2.68 kg ·hm-2; NH4+-N总流失负荷2.93 kg,输出通量为0.81kg ·hm-2; NO3--N总流失负荷5.60 kg,输出通量为1.56kg ·hm-2. 3 流域氮湿沉降对流域氮输出的贡献率约为56%~94%,说明降雨对流域氮流失影响巨大,并以硝酸盐为主,流域水体中总氮浓度超过河流水体富营养化阈值(1.5 mg ·L-1)存在发生富营养化的隐患. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In this study, Qianyanzhou Xiangxi River Basin in the rainy season was monitored to measure different nitrogen form concentrations of rainfall and rainfall-runoff process, in order to explore the southern red soil region of nitrogen wet deposition characteristics and its influence on N output in watershed. The results showed that there were 27 times rainfall in the 2014 rainy season, wherein N wet deposition load reached 43.64-630.59 kg and N deposition flux were 0.44-6.43 kg ·hm-2, which presented a great seasonal variability. We selected three rainfall events to make dynamic analysis. The rainfall in three rainfall events ranged from 8 to 14mm, and the deposition load in the watershed were from 18.03 to 41.16 kg and its flux reached 0.18 to 0.42 kg ·hm-2. Meanwhile, this three rainfall events led to 4189.38 m3 of the total runoff discharge, 16.72 kg of total nitrogen(TN) load and 4.64 kg ·hm-2 of flux, wherein dissolved total nitrogen (DTN) were 9.64 kg and 2.68 kg ·hm-2, ammonium-nitrogen(NH4+-N) were 2.93 kg and 0.81kg ·hm-2, nitrate-nitrogen(NO3--N) were 5.60 kg and 1.56 kg ·hm-2.The contribution rate of N wet deposition to N output from watershed reached 56%-94%, implying that the rainfall-runoff had tremendous contribution to N loss in this small watershed. The concentrations of TN in water had exceeded 1.5 mg ·L-1 of eutrophication threshold, which existed an eutrophication potential. |
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