| 有机氯农药污染场地挖掘过程中污染物的分布及健康风险 |
| 摘要点击 1573 全文点击 1031 投稿时间：2014-07-08 修订日期：2014-09-04 |
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| 中文关键词 HCHs DDTs 挖掘 分布 健康风险评价 |
| 英文关键词 HCHs DDTs excavation distribution health risk assessment |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 分析了某污染场地挖掘过程中场地内及其周边空气中HCHs和DDTs的污染物分布特征; 应用健康风险评价模型研究了挖掘场地附近居民区经呼吸暴露途径的致癌和非致癌风险. 结果表明,挖掘区附近居民区空气中HCHs和DDTs呈现出明显的季节分布特征,秋冬季节浓度高,春夏季节浓度较低. ΣHCHs冬季浓度在5.65~133 ng·m-3之间,均值为28.6 ng·m-3;ΣDDTs冬季浓度在4.48~2800 ng·m-3之间,均值为457.3 ng·m-3.ΣHCHs春季浓度在6.23~26.4 ng·m-3之间,均值为15.1 ng·m-3;ΣDDTs夏季浓度在3.17~8.1 ng·m-3之间,均值为6.1 ng·m-3,春夏季节施工可减少二次污染产生. 居民区空气中HCHs和DDTs浓度与离地面高度呈显著负相关(P<0.05, n=33). 挖掘区附近成人居民经呼吸暴露产生的致癌风险及非致癌风险在可接受风险范围内,但挖掘过程对幼年居民产生一定的致癌及非致癌风险. 因此,该类污染场地挖掘过程中应采取措施抑制挖掘区污染物向空气扩散,以降低风险. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Air samples were collected to analyze the distribution of HCHs and DDTs around a contaminated site during its excavation. The carcinogenic risks and non-carcinogenic risks through breath exposure were studied by health risk assessment modes. The results showed that, there was an obvious seasonal variation of HCHs and DDTs in air around the excavating area. The concentrations of HCHs and DDTs were higher in winter and autumn, lower in spring and summer. The ΣHCHs concentration ranged from 5.65 ng·m-3 to 133 ng·m-3,and the average value was 28.6 ng·m-3;ΣDDTs concentration ranged from 4.48 ng·m-3 to 2800 ng·m-3,and the average value was 457.3 ng·m-3 in winter. However, the ΣHCHs concentration was between 6.23 ng·m-3 and 26.4 ng·m-3, and the average value was 15.1 ng·m-3 in spring; the ΣDDTs concentration was between 3.17 ng·m-3 and 8.1 ng·m-3,and the average value was 6.1 ng·m-3 in summer. So the pollution could be reduced by excavating in spring and summer. The concentrations of HCHs and DDTs in the residents area were negatively correlated to the height(P<0.05, n=33). The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of adult residents through respiration to residents near the excavating area were lower than the acceptable level, while the excavating process caused carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks to young residents to some extent. In order to decrease the risks, measures should be taken to restrain the pollutants in the excavation area diffusing into the air. |
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