| 环境条件对三峡库区消落带土壤中邻苯二甲酸二丁酯向上覆水静态迁移释放的影响 |
| 摘要点击 2835 全文点击 1143 投稿时间：2014-06-30 修订日期：2014-08-22 |
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| 中文关键词 三峡库区 消落带土壤 邻苯二甲酸二丁酯 迁移释放 上覆水 水体条件 |
| 英文关键词 Three Gorges Reservoir fluctuating zone soil dibutyl-phthalate migration and release overlying water water conditions |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 宋娇艳 | 西南大学资源环境学院, 三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 重庆 400716
重庆市农业资源与环境研究重点实验室, 重庆 400716 | 315083648@qq.com | | 木志坚 | 西南大学资源环境学院, 三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 重庆 400716
重庆市农业资源与环境研究重点实验室, 重庆 400716 | | | 王强 | 西南大学资源环境学院, 三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 重庆 400716
重庆市农业资源与环境研究重点实验室, 重庆 400716 | wqiang0496@aliyun.com | | 杨志丹 | 西南大学资源环境学院, 三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 重庆 400716
重庆市农业资源与环境研究重点实验室, 重庆 400716 | | | 王法 | 西南大学资源环境学院, 三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室, 重庆 400716
重庆市农业资源与环境研究重点实验室, 重庆 400716 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为了解消落带土壤有机污染物邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)的环境行为,采用静态淹水法研究了三峡库区消落带土壤向上覆水迁移释放规律以及上覆水温度、光照、含氧量等外界环境条件对其影响. 结果表明,消落带土壤中DBP在淹水前期由土壤向上覆水中迁移释放,该过程分为短暂但是释放速率较快的快速释放阶段和释放时间较长但释放速率较慢的慢速释放阶段,其中慢释放是主要控速步骤,此过程可以很好地用二室一级动力模型拟合. 在淹水中期释放达到最大值,继续淹水后,释放到水体中的DBP转而由水体向土壤中迁移,最终在淹水后期上覆水DBP含量达到平衡状态. 随着温度的升高,DBP向上覆水释放的强度增大,同时增加了DBP快速释放的速率,降低了慢速释放速率. 不同光源照射下,DBP向水体释放浓度不同,采用自然光照的处理中上覆水DBP的浓度高于采用UVB、UVA光源处理; DBP在上覆水达到最大浓度后,UVB、UVA处理中上覆水DBP含量减少比较快速,而自然光处理相对要缓慢. 上覆水中的含氧量对DBP的最大释放量与达到最大释放的时间有影响,总体上来看,上覆水中含氧量越高,上覆水DBP含量越高; 上覆水高氧处理和低氧气处理,上覆水中DBP最大浓度提前至淹水第8d出现,自然状态下DBP在淹水第12 d达到最大值. 土壤中共存的邻苯二甲酸双(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)对DBP的释放有明显影响: 在淹水第4~12 d,添加DEHP组分试验的DBP释放量要明显大于单一组分的DBP释放量,而且快、慢释放速率均要比单一DBP组分处理的大. 微生物活性对消落带土壤淹水过程中邻苯二甲酸二丁酯迁移释放存在一定的影响但效果并不明显,添加微生物活性抑制剂处理后DBP的迁移量要略小于对照组. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In order to understand the environmental behavior of the organic pollutants Dibutyl-phthalate(DBP) in fluctuating zone soil, the migration and release processes of DBP in the fluctuating zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir to the overlying water and the impacts of temperature, light, coexistence phthalate-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-ester(DEHP), microbial activity on the process were studied using static flooding method. The results showed that DBP migrated from the soil to the overlying water in the early days after flooding, and the release process of DBP was divided into two phases: one was the quick release with a relatively short releasing time and a rapid releasing rate; the other was the slow release with a relatively long releasing time and a slow releasing rate. The slow release was a major speed control step, which could be well fitted by two-compartment first-order kinetics. In the interim(12 d) after flooding, the capacity of release reached a maximum, the DBP released from the soil into the water migrated from the water to the soil again after continued flooding, and eventually the content of DBP in soil and water reached equilibrium in the later period after flooding. The intensity of DBP releasing into the overlying water and the rapid releasing rate increased, while the slow releasing rate decreased when the temperature increased. The concentrations of DBP released into the water were different with different light sources. The concentration of DBP in the overlying water with treatment of natural light was higher than those with treatment of ultraviolet light UVB, UVA. After the amount of DBP in the overlying water reached the maximum, the content of DBP in the overlying water decreased relatively faster under the ultraviolet light than under the natural light. The largest release content of DBP and the time reached the largest release content were different with different oxygen content in the overlying water. Overall, the higher oxygen content in the overlying water, the higher content of DBP in the overlying water. The time when the concentration of DBP in overlying water reached the maximum was on the 8th day after flooding in the high oxygen and low oxygen studies, while the time was on the 12th day in natural study. When the phthalate-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-ester(DEHP) co-existed in the soil, there would be some significant influence on the release of DBP. After DEHP addition in the soil, it could release more DBP than the control, and both the rapid releasing rate and slow releasing rate were bigger than those of the control. The microbial activity had some impacts on the process. However, the effect was not obvious. After adding microbial activity inhibitor, the content of migrated DBP was slightly lower than that of the control. |
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