| 硫对土壤中硒形态变化及油菜硒吸收的影响 |
| 摘要点击 1567 全文点击 1376 投稿时间：2014-02-26 修订日期：2014-03-28 |
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| 中文关键词 油菜(Brassica napus L.) 硒 硫 硒组分 硒价态 |
| 英文关键词 rape (Brassica napus L.) selenium sulfur selenium fraction selenium species |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 刘新伟 | 华中农业大学资源与环境学院, 微量元素研究中心, 武汉 430070
新型肥料湖北省工程实验室, 武汉 430070 | jiangcunzhen@163.com | | 段碧辉 | 华中农业大学资源与环境学院, 微量元素研究中心, 武汉 430070
新型肥料湖北省工程实验室, 武汉 430070 | | | 夏全杰 | 华中农业大学资源与环境学院, 微量元素研究中心, 武汉 430070
新型肥料湖北省工程实验室, 武汉 430070 | | | 矫威 | 华中农业大学资源与环境学院, 微量元素研究中心, 武汉 430070
新型肥料湖北省工程实验室, 武汉 430070 | | | 郭再华 | 华中农业大学资源与环境学院, 微量元素研究中心, 武汉 430070
新型肥料湖北省工程实验室, 武汉 430070 | | | 胡承孝 | 华中农业大学资源与环境学院, 微量元素研究中心, 武汉 430070
新型肥料湖北省工程实验室, 武汉 430070 | | | 赵竹青 | 华中农业大学资源与环境学院, 微量元素研究中心, 武汉 430070
新型肥料湖北省工程实验室, 武汉 430070 | zzq@mail.hzau.edu.cn |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 本研究以优质高产甘蓝型油菜（湘农油571）为试验材料，通过苗期土培和溶液培养试验，分析了硫肥对外源施硒条件下土壤硒赋存形态和硒价态变化的影响，旨在揭示硫调控油菜硒吸收的作用机制. 结果表明，5 mg ·kg-1硒和150 mg ·kg-1硫对油菜生长都有一定的促进作用，但这种促进都没有达到显著水平；施硫可以显著降低油菜地上部和根的硒含量，最高降幅分别为64.0%和39.1%；施硫可以显著降低土壤pH值，最高可降低0.65个单位，显著增加土壤有机质含量，最高可增加1.76 g ·kg-1；施硫可以显著降低水溶态硒和铁锰氧化物结合态硒含量并显著增加有机结合态硒含量，而对交换态和残渣态硒含量的影响不显著；施硫可以显著降低水溶态并显著增加交换态中四价硒的含量，对这两种形态中的六价硒含量都表现为显著的降低作用，对负二价硒含量没有显著的影响；油菜对两种硒价态的吸收差异与硫密切相关，无硫时，六价硒处理的苗期油菜地上部和根的硒含量为四价硒处理的7.3倍和3.2倍，而硫浓度为2 mmol ·L-1时，其硒含量却不及四价硒处理的32.6%和8.7%. 总体上，施用适量硫肥在改善作物生长的同时可以通过降低土壤pH值和提高有机质含量促使水溶态硒在土壤中向铁锰氧化物结合态和有机结合态的钝化并抑制硒向六价态的转化来降低油菜对硒的吸收，对合理调控富硒地区作物硒含量，保证我国居民饮食质量和安全、土壤硒资源长效利用及区域经济发展具有重要意义. |
| 英文摘要 |
| The high-quality, high-yield rape (Brassica napus L. cv. Xiangnongyou 571) was chosen as the experimental material to undergo seedling stage soil cultivation and solution cultivation. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of sulfur (S) on the fraction and species of amend selenium (Se) in soil by applying S fertilizer, and to reveal the mechanism through which S controls the Se uptake of rape. The results showed that applications of both Se at 5 mg ·kg-1 and S at 150 mg ·kg-1 could provide some boost to rape growth, however such boost was unremarkable; S application could significantly reduce Se content in shoots and roots by as much as 64.0% and 39.1%, respectively; S application could significantly decrease the pH value and increase the organic matter content by as much as 0.65 units and 1.76 g ·kg-1, respectively; S application could significantly decrease soluble Se and Fe/Mn oxide-bound Se, and significantly increase organic matter-bound Se, however, there was no remarkable effect on exchangeable and residual Se. S could significantly decrease the content of Se(Ⅳ) in the soluble Se and significantly increase the content of Se(Ⅳ) in the exchangeable Se, with remarkable decrease in Se(Ⅵ) content in both fractions, and no remarkable effect on Se(Ⅱ). S had a profound effect on the uptake of Se by rape seedlings when Se(Ⅳ) and Se(Ⅵ) were applied. The Se contents in shoot and root of the Se(Ⅵ)-treated rape were 7.3 and 3.2 times respectively as high as that of the Se(Ⅳ)-treated rape, while with a S rate of 2 mmol ·L-1, their Se contents were lower than 32.6% and 8.7% of that of the Se(Ⅳ)-treated rape. In conclusion, in addition to improving crop growth, appropriate amount of S fertilizer could also reduce soil pH and increase organic content, causing available Se in soil to be Fe/Mn oxide-bound and organic matter-bound, and retarding its transformation to Se(Ⅵ), thus reducing Se uptake by rape. This has significant value for regulation of Se content in crops from Se-rich regions, ensuring food quality and safety, benefiting the long-term use of soil Se resources and regional economic development. |
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