| 海洋油气田沉积物产甲烷活性及微生物生态 |
| 摘要点击 1266 全文点击 1109 投稿时间：2013-10-31 修订日期：2013-12-04 |
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| 中文关键词 海洋油气田 产甲烷活性 产甲烷菌 多样性 16S rRNA基因 |
| 英文关键词 marine gas field methanogenic activity methanogen diversity 16S rRNA gene |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 海洋产甲烷古菌是与海洋中甲烷的产生、释放及天然气水合物的形成等密切相关的微生物类群. 以产甲烷菌可能利用的底物为碳源，评价了海洋油气田沉积物的产甲烷活性. 结果表明，海洋油气田沉积物对于H2/CO2、甲醇、一甲胺、三甲胺，在25℃和 37℃ 两种温度条件下都具有较高的产甲烷活性，少数样品只在37℃对乙酸有产甲烷活性，说明在海洋油气田环境下，主要有氢营养型及甲基营养型发酵途径产生天然气甲烷. 利用厌氧培养法对产甲烷菌进行了多样性解析，16S rRNA基因测序显示，优势产甲烷菌主要属于Methanosarcinales目的Methanosarcinaceae科及Methanomicrobiales目的Methanomicrobiaceae科，其中Methanococcoides、Methanogenium和Methanosarcina为油气田沉积物的主要菌属. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Methanogens play an important role in marine sediments, which are related to methane production and methane hydrate deposits. Methanogenic activity of marine gas field sediments was investigated using substrates that methanogens usually used as carbon sources. H2/CO2, methanol, methylamines and trimethylamines could support the growth and methane production of gas field sediments. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the predominant methanogens in the enrichment cultures were related to known cultured methanogens in the family Methanosarcinaceae of the order Methanosarcinales and the family Methanomicrobiales of the order Methanomicrobiales, with genera Methanococcoides, Methanogenium and Methanosarcina as major methanogens. |
