| 江湖关系变化对鄱阳湖沉积物重金属分布及生态风险影响 |
| 摘要点击 2397 全文点击 1251 投稿时间：2013-09-04 修订日期：2013-10-14 |
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| 中文关键词 江湖关系变化 鄱阳湖 沉积物 重金属 生态风险 |
| 英文关键词 river-lake relation change Poyang Lake sediment heavy metal ecological risk |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 刘婉清 | 湖南农业大学资源环境学院,长沙 410128
中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京 100012
中国环境科学研究院国家环境保护湖泊污染控制重点实验室,湖泊生态环境创新基地,北京 100012 | lwq2051@gmail.com | | 倪兆奎 | 中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京 100012
中国环境科学研究院国家环境保护湖泊污染控制重点实验室,湖泊生态环境创新基地,北京 100012 | | | 吴志强 | 中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京 100012
中国环境科学研究院国家环境保护湖泊污染控制重点实验室,湖泊生态环境创新基地,北京 100012
南昌大学环境与化学工程学院,南昌 330031 | | | 王圣瑞 | 中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京 100012
中国环境科学研究院国家环境保护湖泊污染控制重点实验室,湖泊生态环境创新基地,北京 100012 | wangsr@craes.org.cn | | 曾清如 | 湖南农业大学资源环境学院,长沙 410128 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 选取不同水情下鄱阳湖表层沉积物，研究江湖关系变化对其重金属 Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr和 Cd的分布及生态风险影响，结果表明：① 鄱阳湖沉积物受不同程度重金属污染，入湖河流颗粒物输入是鄱阳湖沉积物重金属的主要来源，其中 Cu和 Pb是主要污染因子. 各重金属污染程度排列次序为：Cu>Pb>Zn>Cr>Cd，丰水期沉积物各重金属含量的变化范围为 Cu 13.1~108.1 mg·kg-1、Pb 37~119.1 mg·kg-1、Zn 29.9~129.9 mg·kg-1、Cr 13.3~98.6 mg·kg-1和Cd 0.19~2.77 mg·kg-1；枯水期为Cu 3.05~69.7 mg·kg-1、Pb 27.5~105 mg·kg-1、Zn 18.8~95.4 mg·kg-1、Cr 7.34~70 mg·kg-1与Cd 0.033~0.406 mg·kg-1；高值区域集中在 "五河 "尾闾水域和鄱阳湖入长江的湖口水域. ② 丰水期鄱阳湖沉积物重金属高风险区主要集中在五河尾闾区；枯水期，沉积物重金属高风险区面积扩大，不仅局限于五河尾闾区，且向北部进一步扩散，湖口区域的风险较大，但全湖生态风险总体上丰水期大于枯水期. ③ 随着鄱阳湖与长江江湖关系进一步发生变化，丰水期水位抬高且维系时间缩短、枯水期提前、湖泊由“湖相”至“河相”的转变进程加快、河流特性增强，将导致全湖沉积物重金属生态风险相应降低，但高风险区域的范围进一步向北扩大. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Effects of river (Yangtze River)-lake (Poyang Lake) relation on the distribution and potential ecological risk of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr and Cd were investigated in surface sediment of Poyang Lake under different waterregimens. The results indicated: ① the sediments of Poyang Lake were polluted by various concentrations of heavy metals mainly originated from particulates of Yangtze River, and Cu and Pb were the main pollution factors. The pollution level of determined heavy metals followed the order of Cu>Pb>Zn>Cr>Cd. The concentration ranges of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr and Cd in the sediment of Poyang Lake were 13.1-108.1 mg·kg-1, 37-119.1mg·kg-1, 29.9-129.9 mg·kg-1, 13.3-98.6 mg·kg-1 and 0.19-2.77 mg·kg-1 during the wet period, and 3.05-69.7 mg·kg-1, 27.5-105 mg·kg-1, 18.8-95.4 mg·kg-1, 7.34-70 mg·kg-1and 0.033-0.406 mg·kg-1 during the dry period respectively. The region with the highest heavy metal concentrations was located in water input area of the "Five River" and water output area of "Hukou"; ② The regions with high risk of heavy metals in sediment were mainly located in the area of the trail of "Five Rivers" during the wet period; while during the dry period, the area with high risk of heavy metals in sediment enlarged, which was not only limited in the area of the trail of "Five Rivers", but also enlarged northwards. The potential ecological risk of "Hukou" was relatively high, however, the potential ecological risk of the sediment in the whole lake during the dry period was lower than that during the wet period. ③ With the change of river-lake relation, water level rose, the maintaining time was shortened during the wet period, the dry season appeared ahead of schedule, the transformation course of Poyang Lake from "Lake morphology" to "River morphology" increased, and the typical river properties were enhanced, which resulted in the decreased potential ecological risk of heavy metals in sediment of the whole lake, however, the area of high risk-region was enlarged northwards. |
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