| 千岛湖库区及其主要入库河流水中有机氯农药残留污染特征及健康风险评价 |
| 摘要点击 2896 全文点击 1342 投稿时间：2013-08-22 修订日期：2013-12-04 |
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| 中文关键词 有机氯农药 表层水 千岛湖 污染特征 健康风险评价 |
| 英文关键词 organochlorine pesticides(OCPs) surface water Lake Qiandao pollution characteristics health risk assessment |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 利用气相色谱法对采集于2011年7月和2011年11月的千岛湖（新安江水库）库区及其主要入库河流表层水中10种有机氯农药（OCPs）残留进行了分析，初步明确千岛湖水体中HCHs与DDTs的组成特征及来源，并对其健康风险进行了评价. 结果表明，千岛湖水体中检出8种微量的OCPs，检出频率最高的是p，p'-DDT、α-HCH和p，p'-DDE. 12个采样点均有不同浓度检出，库区∑OCPs的浓度范围在1.9~7.6 ng·L-1，属低污染水平，3条主要入库河流∑OCPs的浓度范围则是1.2~212 ng·L-1. 千岛湖水体中OCPs污染空间分布各异，主干流新安江为千岛湖OCPs污染的主要输入源；时间上丰水期大于枯水期，显示为面源污染特征. 通过特征组分比例可确认HCHs污染主要是长距离传输或工业HCHs的降解，而DDTs则有新源输入. 利用EPA推荐方法对通过饮水和皮肤接触途径摄入千岛湖水体中OCPs的健康风险进行评价：致癌健康风险指数在0.06×10-7~23.2×10-7，均位于EPA推荐的可接受风险范围内；非致癌健康风险指数介于3.43×10-5~6.01×10-3，根据评价标准均未超标. 结果表明千岛湖水体中OCPs对人体产生的致癌、非致癌健康危害可忽略. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were quantitatively determined by GC in several surface water samples collected in July 2011 and November 2011 from Lake Qiandao (Xin'an River Reservoir) and its major input rivers. Then the component characteristics and source apportionment of HCHs and DDTs were confirmed, and the health risk assessment was evaluated. The results showed that 8 OCPs were found to be in trace amount, and p,p'-DDT, α-HCH and p,p'-DDE were the highest frequently detected OCPs. The concentrations of total OCPs in surface water of the studied Lake ranged from 1.9 to 7.6 ng·L-1, which were at lower pollution level, and 1.2-212 ng·L-1 in the samples from its three major input rivers. The spatial distribution of OCPs in the water of lake was varying, and Xin'an River, the mainstream of the lake, was the main input source of OCPs. Also, different contamination patterns among sampling seasons were found, the concentrations of OCPs in surface water collected in wet period were higher than those in dry season, which display the characteristics of nonpoint source pollution. According to the ratio of feature components, the OCPs in surface water from the Lake Qiandao originated largely from long distance transmission or degradation of technical HCHs, while additional sources of DDTs existed in the region. In addition, human health risk assessment of ingestion through the drinking water and skin contact absorption was performed using EPA recommends methods, the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks caused by OCPs were 0.06×10-7-23.2×10-7 and 3.43×10-5-6.01×10-3, respectively. According to the acceptable risk level, the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of the chemicals investigated can be considered negligible in water body of Lake Qiandao. |
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