| 乌鲁木齐市东南郊一次降雪过程的化学组成及其悬浮态颗粒形态特征 |
| 摘要点击 1786 全文点击 1093 投稿时间：2013-08-20 修订日期：2013-10-30 |
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| 中文关键词 降雪 重金属 ICP-MS SEM/EDX 来源解析 |
| 英文关键词 snowfall heavy metal ICP-MS SEM/EDX source apportionment |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为初步了解乌鲁木齐东南郊降雪的化学组成特征和污染信息，利用电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）对2012年2月21~23日降雪中的22种可溶性金属元素浓度进行了测定，并通过扫描电镜能谱技术（SEM/EDX）研究了降雪中悬浮态颗粒物的形态和元素组成.结果表明，此次降雪中重金属含量偏高，其中Se、As、Cd富集因子分别为124.65、57.69和36.70，具有较明显的煤烟型污染特征；后向轨迹聚类分析也表明该时期采样点近地面主要受其西南方向燃煤火电排放烟尘的影响.电镜观察观测结果显示降雪中悬浮态颗粒主要有3种形态，主要以燃煤飞灰和矿物颗粒为主，烟尘集合体大多数为老化或吸湿后形成的较粗的密实颗粒，表明乌鲁木齐东南郊冬季大气中的悬浮态颗粒物主要来自燃煤飞灰和不可溶土壤矿物. |
| 英文摘要 |
| In order to understand the composition and potential pollution of metal elements in precipitation in the southeastern suburb of Urumqi on February 21 to 23, 2012, soluble elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS); in addition, energy spectrum and morphological analysis were made for insoluble particulates. The results showed that the content of toxic heavy metals in snowfall was a little high; and the enrichment factors of Se, As and Cd were 124.65,57.69 and 36.70, respectively, showing a typical coal pollution characteristic. The back trajectory cluster analysis suggested that the coal fly ash of snowfall mainly induced by air masses originated from the coal-fire power plant in the Southwestern sampling site. Morphology analyses conducted under an scan electron microscope demonstrated fly ash coming from coal burning process and irregular mineral are in the majority of insoluble particulates in snowfall, soot aggregates were compact, when the soot was wetted (the hygroscopic behaviour), and the morphology changed further. Insoluble particulates of the southeastern suburb of Urumqi were coal fly ash and insoluble soil minerals. |
