| 稻草和玉米秸秆烟尘中的正构脂肪醇 |
| 摘要点击 1573 全文点击 907 投稿时间：2013-07-17 修订日期：2013-09-17 |
| 查看HTML全文
查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 中文关键词 水稻 玉米 秸秆 燃烧 烟尘 正构脂肪醇 |
| 英文关键词 rice maize straw burning smoke n-alkanol |
|
| 中文摘要 |
| 在不同燃烧条件下，对6种稻草和4种玉米秸进行了燃烧试验，并测定了烟尘中正构脂肪醇的组成. 结果表明，在稻草的明火烟尘中，正构脂肪醇由C14~C34组成. 其总含量（∑）为1604.4~13889.7 mg·kg-1；低碳数和高碳数正构脂肪醇的含量比（L/H）为0.02~0.09；C24/C30值为3.3%~19.6%；C32/C30值为8.4%~19.9%；C30/∑之比为53.9%~72.6%；CPI值为8.7~21.5；ACL值为29.0~30.1. 正构脂肪醇呈双峰式分布，其主、次峰碳数分别是C30和 C24. 在稻草的闷烧烟尘中，正构脂肪醇的单体组成与明火烟尘相同. 其∑值为1688.7~5168.2 mg·kg-1；L/H值为0.08~0.14；C24/C30值为31.0%~70.5%；C32/C30值为6.9%~17.6%；C30/∑之比为39.5%~57.8%；CPI值为10.7~17.5；ACL值为27.2~28.5. 其分布模式与明火烟尘极为相似. 在玉米秸秆的明火烟尘中，正构脂肪醇由C12~C34组成. 其∑值为852.3~2667.9 mg·kg-1；L/H值为0.2~1.0；C24/C28之比为104.3%~293.3%；C32/C28之比为42.2%~61.4%；C28/∑之比为7.3%~16.5%；CPI值为5.6~9.7；ACL值为23.1~26.9. 其分布模式以双峰式为主，主峰碳数是C30、C24和C22. 在玉米秸秆的闷烧 烟尘中，正构脂肪醇的组成与明火烟尘相同. 其∑值为1493.0~8386.9 mg·kg-1；L/H之比为0.2~0.3；C24/C28之比为53.6%~217.6%；C32/C28之比为21.7%~75.9%；C28/∑之比为8.8%~27.3%；CPI值为4.2~6.5；ACL值为26.3~27.2. 其分布模式呈双峰型，主峰碳数主要是C30，次峰碳数主要是C24. 总之，秸秆烟尘中正构脂肪醇的组成已发生了明显的变化. C24/C30、C32/C30、C30/∑ 等参数可用于区别稻草及其燃烧来源的正构脂肪醇；L/H、C24/C28、C32/C28、C28/∑等参数可用于区分玉米秸秆及其燃烧来源的正构脂肪醇；L/H可用于区分上述两类秸秆及其燃烧来源的正构脂肪醇. |
| 英文摘要 |
| Six genotypes of rice straw and four genotypes of maize straw were burned under different conditions, and the smoke was collected and n-alkanol in it was measured by GC-MS. Results showed that, in the smoke from rice straw flaming combustion, n-alkanol was composed of individual compounds from C14 to C34, and total contents(∑)changed in the range of 1604.4 to 13889.7mg·kg-1. The ratio values of amount for n-alkanol with lower carbon number to that for one with higher carbon number (L/H) were in the range of 0.02 to 0.09. The values for C24/C30, C32/C30, C30/∑, CPI, and ACL varied from 3.3% to 19.6%, 8.4% to 19.9%, 53.9% to 72.6%, 8.7 to 21.5, and 29.0 to 30.1, respectively. The abundance distribution for the compounds was bimodal with the maximal and the second peaks at C30 and C24, respectively. In smoldering smoke of rice straw, individual n-alkanol from C14 to C34 were also analyzed, with ∑ values varying in the range of 1688.7 to 5168.2 mg·kg-1. The ratios for L/H, C24/C30, C32/C30, and C30/∑ ranged from 0.08 to 0.14, 31.0% to 70.5%, 6.9% to 17.6%, 39.5% to 57.8%, respectively. In addition, the CPI and ACL values varied from 10.7 to 17.5, and 27.2 to 28.5, respectively. Moreover, the distribution pattern was similar to that in flaming smoke. In flaming smoke of maize straw, n-alkanol from C12 to C34 were identified, with ∑ values being in the range of 852.3 to 2667.9 mg·kg-1. The values for L/H, C24/C28, C32/C28, C28/∑, CPI, and ACL varied from 0.2 to 1.0, 104.3% to 293.3%, 42.2% to 61.4%, 7.3% to 16.5%,5.6 to 9.7, and 23.1 to 26.9, respectively. Besides, the abundance distribution pattern was mainly bimodal with a maximal peak at C30, C24 or C22. In the smoldering smoke for maize straw, the same individual n-alkanols were found, and the ∑ values changed from 1493.0 to 8386.9 mg·kg-1. The values for L/H, C24/C28, C32/C28, C28/∑, CPI and ACL were in the range of 0.2 to 0.3, 53.6% to 217.6%, 21.7% to 75.9%, 8.8% to 27.3%, 4.2 to 6.5, and 26.3 to 27.2, respectively. Furthermore, the distribution pattern was bimodal as well with the highest peak mainly at C30 and the second one at C24. In brief, obvious discrimination exists among chemical compositions of n-alkanol in the straw and smoke. C24/C30, C32/C30, and C30/∑ are useful proxies in distinguishing between n-alkanol in airborne aerosol deriving from rice straw and one released in rice straw combustion process. L/H, C24/C28, C32/C28, and C28/∑ may have a potential in discriminating the compounds from maize straw and its burning. L/H is possibly used to make a distinction between the organic compounds from rice and maize straws, and/or from combustion of the straws. |
|
|
|
