| 陕西潼关冶金污染土壤的修复评价及应用潜力 |
| 摘要点击 2293 全文点击 903 投稿时间：2017-03-02 修订日期：2017-04-09 |
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| 中文关键词 土壤 重金属污染 修复 评价 农作物 |
| 英文关键词 soil heavy metal pollution remediation assessment agricultural products |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 为了科学评估客土法、石灰和磷酸钙作为重金属钝化剂的原位稳定化修复技术在实际重金属污染土壤改良中的应用潜力，以潼关县安乐乡土壤重金属污染修复示范工程为例，从"三小"冶金土壤污染现状、工程修复技术的筛选、稳定化的修复效果以及修复后土壤农业生产安全性评价等角度进行了系统分析.结果表明"三小"冶炼行为对于周边土壤造成了严重的污染，主要污染物为Cd、Pb和Hg，矿渣是主要的污染源.采用潜在生态危害指数法进行评价，该区域潜在生态危害指数（RI）范围为668~10969，具有很强的生态危害.通过对重度污染和轻度污染土壤分别采用客土法及原位固化的修复方法，土壤中重金属的总量以及有效态含量均有了显著的下降.除Cd外，土壤中重金属的总量均低于土壤二级标准中的限值.尽管土壤稳定化修复取得了一定的效果，但部分农作物中重金属的累积量高于国家食品安全标准中规定的限值，继续种植存在一定的风险.因此，在重金属污染修复后的土壤上不建议立刻进行粮食生产，应改变原有生产模式同时持续监测，在确保粮食安全后再进行生产. |
| 英文摘要 |
| There has been a growing interest in soil replacement and in-situ stabilization techniques in recent years. Many techniques in the remediation of contaminated soils have been proven to be effective methods. In this study, lime and calcium phosphate were added to immobilize the heavy metals in contaminated soils. The long-term application potential of these techniques were evaluated by taking the demonstration project of the soil remediation in Tongguan of Shaanxi as the case study.The status of heavy metal contamination in the study area resulted from artisanal gold mining was discussed. The strategies of remediation and the evaluation of the remediation results including the safety of agricultural practices were also studied. The results showed that soil was seriously contaminated in the study area with Cd, Pb, and Hg, and the residue mining waste was the main source. The potential ecological risk index ranged from 668 to 10969, suggesting that all the samples posed a very strong ecological hazard. Based on the pollution status, the soil replacement method and stabilization method were applied. Acceptable remediation results were obtained with lower total metal content (except Cd) and decreased heavy metal availability. However, the metal content of agricultural products was higher than the permissible value according to GB 2762-2012, which means that agricultural practices pose risks on remediated soils. Soil replacement and stabilization would be practical techniques for heavy metal polluted soil remediation. However, a consecutive investigation should be conducted for the assurance of food safety. |
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