| 化肥和有机物料施用对东北黑土有机碳组分影响的整合分析 |
| 摘要点击 277 全文点击 58 投稿时间：2024-07-12 修订日期：2024-10-12 |
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| 中文关键词 黑土 施肥 土壤有机碳（SOC） 活性碳组分 土壤肥力 |
| 英文关键词 black soil fertilization soil organic carbon（SOC） active carbon fraction soil fertility |
| DOI 10.13227/j.hjkx.202407132 |
| 作者 | 单位 | E-mail | | 张泽茂 | 广西大学林学院, 广西森林生态与保育重点实验室, 亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室, 南宁 530004
中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室, 北京 100081 | 1453843268@qq.com | | 邬磊 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室, 北京 100081
现代农业省实验室(筹)/黑龙江省农业科学院, 哈尔滨 150086 | wulei01@caas.cn | | 高天宇 | 广西大学林学院, 广西森林生态与保育重点实验室, 亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室, 南宁 530004
中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室, 北京 100081 | | | 刘天鸿 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室, 北京 100081
海南大学热带农林学院, 海口 570228 | | | 王聪 | 广西大学林学院, 广西森林生态与保育重点实验室, 亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室, 南宁 530004 | wangcuriel@foxmail.com | | 徐明岗 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室, 北京 100081 | | | 张文菊 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室, 北京 100081 | |
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| 中文摘要 |
| 施肥作为一项重要的农田管理措施,通过影响碳输入和输出强度调控土壤有机碳（SOC）组分的积累与稳定过程. 探讨不同施肥类型对东北黑土SOC含量的影响及其主要控制因素,可为东北黑土区合理施肥和有机物料高效利用、提升SOC含量和肥力水平提供科学依据. 通过收集1991~2024年发表的有关施用化肥和有机物料（包括有机肥和秸秆）对东北黑土区SOC组分影响的文献228篇,提取配对试验数据共1 628条,采用数据整合分析方法（Meta-analysis）研究化肥和有机物料施用对黑土SOC、可溶性有机碳（DOC）、颗粒有机碳（POC）、易氧化有机碳（ROC）和微生物生物量碳（MBC）含量的影响及主要驱动因素. 结果表明：①施用化肥和有机物料显著提高黑土SOC（5%~18%,增加范围,下同）、DOC（11%~64%）、POC（30%~141%）、ROC（19%~139%）和MBC（16%~50%）含量；其中有机肥施用下黑土碳组分含量的提升幅度最高,其SOC含量的平均提升幅度比秸秆还田处理高8%,比施用化肥处理高13%. ②黑土SOC含量的提升幅度与肥料施用年限和有机肥施用量显著正相关,与秸秆施用量显著负相关,与化肥施氮量的关系不明显. ③黑土SOC对施肥的响应程度受到年均温度和土壤初始性质（包括pH和SOC）等因素的调控,施肥下SOC含量的提升幅度与年均温度和初始pH显著正相关,与初始SOC含量显著负相关；化肥施用和秸秆还田下影响黑土SOC含量变化的主要控制因素是初始SOC含量,有机肥施用处理是年均温度. 因此,在东北黑土区应综合考虑肥料种类及施用量、气候条件和土壤性质等因素,通过优化施肥提高黑土区SOC含量和土壤肥力水平. |
| 英文摘要 |
| As an important agricultural management practice, fertilization affects the accumulation and stabilization of SOC fractions by influencing the amounts of carbon inputs and outputs. Exploring the effects of different fertilizer types on the SOC content and its main controlling factors could provide a scientific basis for rational fertilization, efficient utilization of organic materials, and SOC content and fertility improvement in the black soil region of Northeast China. This study collected a total of 1 628 observations regarding the effects of chemical fertilizer and organic materials （including organic fertilizer and straw） application on SOC fractions in the black soil region of Northeast China from 228 papers published during 1991 to 2024. A meta-analysis was used to investigate the effects of chemical fertilizer and organic materials application on SOC, dissolved organic carbon （DOC）, particulate organic carbon （POC）, readily oxidizable organic carbon （ROC）, and microbial biomass carbon （MBC） contents. The results showed that： ① The application of chemical fertilizer and organic materials significantly increased the contents of SOC （5%-18%, referring to the range of increase, the same below）, DOC （11%-64%）, POC （30%-141%）, ROC （19%-139%）, and MBC （16%-50%）. The increases in SOC fractions were highest under the manure amendment treatment, with increased SOC content 8% higher than that under straw return and 13% higher than that under the chemical fertilizer treatment. ② The increase in SOC was significantly positively correlated with the fertilizer application duration and the amounts of applied organic fertilizer and significantly negatively correlated with the amounts of straw return, but no correlation was observed with the amounts of applied nitrogen fertilizer. ③ The magnitude of SOC response to fertilization was regulated by annual average temperature and initial soil properties （including pH and SOC）. The fertilization-induced increase in SOC was significantly positively correlated with annual average temperature and initial pH and negatively correlated with initial SOC content. The main factor affecting fertilization-induced SOC changes was initial SOC content under the chemical fertilizer and straw return treatments, while annual average temperature was the key factor under the manure fertilizer treatment. In conclusion, the type and amount of fertilizer, climate conditions, and soil properties should be comprehensively considered to optimize fertilization, so as to increase SOC component fractions as well as improve soil fertility levels in the black soil region of Northeast China. |
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